Species of NoviusMulsant, 1846 (= Rodolia Mulsant) of the tribe Noviini are highly specialized predators, especially of scale insects in the family Margarodidae. Five known endemic species of Novius are recorded from Australia: N. bellus Blackburn, 1889, N. cardinalis (Mulsant, 1850), N. koebelei Olliff in Craw, 1892, N. lindi Blackburn, 1889 and N. sanguinolentusMulsant, 1850. The following new species synonymies are proposed: Novius bellus Blackburn, 1889 = Novius immaculatusLea, 1902 = Eurodolia severiniWeise, 1895; Novius koebelei Olliff in Craw, 1892 = Novius limbatusBlackburn, 1895 = Novius tridensLea, 1902 = Novius simplicipennisBlackburn, 1895 = Novius discoidalisBlackburn, 1895 = Novius tripustulatusBlackburn, 1895 = Novius ruber Blackburn, 1889 = Rodolia blackburniUkrainsky 2009. Lectotypes are designated for Novius Koebelei Olliff in Craw, N. limbatusBlackburn, 1895, N. lindi Blackburn, 1889, N. simplicipennisBlackburn, 1895, N. discoidalisBlackburn, 1895, N. tripustulatusBlackburn, 1895 and N. ruber Blackburn, 1889. Nomenclatural history, diagnostic characters and illustrations are provided for each species based on the examination of available type material and extensive holdings in collections. A key to the Australian Novius species, based mainly on male genitalia is provided. An updated checklist of the worldwide valid species of Novius Mulsant is included and 63 species are transferred to Novius Mulsant (comb. nov.).