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1 September 2008 Turkey Origin Reovirus-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Specific Pathogen Free and Commercial Turkey Poults
J Michael Day, Erica Spackman, Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Recently, pathogenesis studies, using genetically distinct turkey-origin reoviruses (TRVs), revealed that poults infected with certain TRV isolates had moderate to severe bursal atrophy, suggesting virus-induced immune dysfunction. In order to characterize the effect of TRV infection on the turkey immune system, classical assays were undertaken to quantify the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in small Beltsville and broad-breasted white poults infected with the TRV isolate NC/SEP-R44/03. A marked effect on the cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity response, and on the antibody response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) exposure, was noted in commercial and specific pathogen free (SPF) poults inoculated with NC/SEP-R44/03 at three days of age. Moderate to severe bursal atrophy, similar to that noted previously in SPF poults, occurred in commercial poults inoculated at three days of age. This immune dysfunction and bursal atrophy was not present in commercial poults inoculated at three weeks of age.

Disfunción del sistema inmune inducida por reovirus de pavos, en pavitos comerciales y libres de patógenos específicos.

Estudios recientes de patogénesis usando reovirus genéticamente diferentes originados en pavos, revelaron que los pavitos infectados con cierto tipo de estos aislados presentaban atrofia de moderada a severa de la bolsa de Fabricio, sugiriendo que estos virus inducen disfunción del sistema inmune. Con el fin de caracterizar los efectos de estos reovirus sobre el sistema inmune de pavos, se llevaron a cabo pruebas clásicas para cuantificar las respuestas inmunes tanto humoral como mediada por células en pavos pequeños Beltsville y pavos blancos de doble pechuga infectados con el aislado de reovirus de pavo identificado como NC/SEP-R44/03. En pavitos comerciales y en libres de patógenos específicos inoculados a los tres días de edad, se observó un efecto marcado en la hipersensibilidad cutánea basofílica y en la respuesta de anticuerpos a la exposición con el virus de la enfermedad de New Castle. También se observó de moderada a severa atrofia de la bolsa de Fabricio en pavitos comerciales, similar a la observada previamente en pavitos libres de patógenos específicos inoculados a los tres días de edad. Esta disfunción del sistema inmune y atrofia de la bolsa de Fabricio no se observaron en pavitos comerciales inoculados a las tres semanas de edad.

Abbreviations: CBH = cutaneous basophile hypersensitivity; DPI = days postinoculation; EID = egg infectious dose; NDV = Newcastle disease virus; PEC = poult enteritis complex; PEMS = poult enteritis mortality syndrome; PHA-P = phytohemagglutinin-P; RSS = runting-stunting syndrome; SEPRL = Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory; S/P = sample to positive (ratio); SPF = specific pathogen free; TRV = turkey reovirus

J Michael Day, Erica Spackman, and Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood "Turkey Origin Reovirus-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Specific Pathogen Free and Commercial Turkey Poults," Avian Diseases 52(3), 387-391, (1 September 2008). https://doi.org/10.1637/8190-120607-Reg
Received: 6 December 2007; Accepted: 1 February 2008; Published: 1 September 2008
KEYWORDS
avian reovirus
enteric virus
immunosuppression
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