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1 June 2012 Trichomonosis in Free-Ranging Eurasian Collared Doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and African Collared Dove Hybrids (Streptopelia risoria) in the Caribbean and Description of ITS-1 Region Genotypes
R. Stimmelmayr, L. M. Stefani, M. A. Thrall, K. Landers, F. Revan, A. Miller, R. Beckstead, R. Gerhold
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Abstract

We report the first documented occurrence of an outbreak of trichomonosis in a free-ranging small flock of Eurasian collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and African collared dove hybrids (Streptopelia risoria) in the Caribbean. In total, 18 birds were examined, including six African collared dove × Eurasian collared dove hybrids and 12 Eurasian collared doves. The affected age class consisted of adults. Sex distribution was equal. With a flock population size of 200 birds, mortality rate for the outbreak was estimated at 15–20%. Living birds were weak, showing evidence of mucus-stained beaks and open-mouth breathing. Caseous ulcerative yellow lesions were restricted to the upper gastrointestinal tract, with the exception of one bird, which had lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract and in the liver. Ninety-four percent (17/18) of the affected birds had multiple extensive lesions. Lesions located on the roof of the oral cavity extended in 33% (6/18) into the orbit and in 11% (2/18) into the braincase. Using wet-mount microscopy, we were able to confirm Trichomonas gallinae in 22% (4/18) of the sampled animals. Fifteen samples submitted for PCR analysis tested positive. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) revealed two distinct genotypes of Trichomonas. One sequence had 100% identity to the prototype T. gallinae isolate, whereas the other sequences had 98–100% identity to recently described Trichomonas-like parabasalid. On the basis of gross and histologic findings, along with the sequence results from the columbids in this report, it is likely that this Trichomonas-like parabasalid is pathogenic.

Reporte de Caso—Tricomonosis en palomas turcas (Streptopelia decaocto) en libertad y en palomas de collar (Streptopelia risoria) en el Caribe y descripción de los genotipos de la región ITS-1.

En este reporte se presenta el primer reporte documentado de un brote de Tricomonosis en una pequeña parvada de tórtolas turcas (Streptopelia decaocto) y de tórtolas de collar (Streptopelia risoria) en el Caribe. En total se examinaron 18 aves, seis palomas hibridas paloma de collar × palomas turcas y doce palomas turcas. El grupo de edad afectado fue el de los adultos. La distribución por sexo fue similar. Con un tamaño de la población de parvada de 200 aves, se estimó la tasa de mortalidad de la epidemia en un 15-20%. Las aves vivas estaban débiles, mostrando evidencia de pico manchado de moco y con los picos abiertos por la dificultad para respirar. Se observaron lesiones ulcerosas caseosas de color amarillo que estaban restringidas al tracto gastrointestinal superior, con excepción de un ave, que tenía lesiones en el tracto gastrointestinal superior y en el hígado. El 94% (17/18) de las aves afectadas tenían lesiones extensas múltiples. Las lesiones localizadas en el techo de la cavidad oral se extendieron en un 33% (6/18) dentro de la órbita y en el 11% (2/18) dentro de la caja craneana. Usando la microscopía con montura húmeda, se pudo confirmar la presencia de Trichomonas gallinae en el 22% (4/18) de los animales muestreados. Quince muestras sometidas a PCR resultaron positivas. El análisis de secuencias de la región espaciadora transcrita interna 1 (ITS-1) del ARN ribosomal (ARNr) reveló dos genotipos distintos de Trichomonas. Una secuencia mostró un 100% de identidad con el aislamiento prototipo de

American Association of Avian Pathologists
R. Stimmelmayr, L. M. Stefani, M. A. Thrall, K. Landers, F. Revan, A. Miller, R. Beckstead, and R. Gerhold "Trichomonosis in Free-Ranging Eurasian Collared Doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and African Collared Dove Hybrids (Streptopelia risoria) in the Caribbean and Description of ITS-1 Region Genotypes," Avian Diseases 56(2), 441-445, (1 June 2012). https://doi.org/10.1637/9905-082311-Case.1
Received: 24 October 2011; Accepted: 1 January 2012; Published: 1 June 2012
KEYWORDS
African collared dove hybrids
Caribbean
Eurasian collared doves
Streptopelia decaocto
Streptopelia risoria
Trichomonas gallinae
trichomonosis
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