Chicken anemia virus (CAV) is a widespread chicken pathogen of significant economic importance. In 2013, broiler chicken flocks in Poland were examined for the presence of CAV, and phylogenetic relatedness between the strains was established. Ten cloacal swabs from each of 106 broiler flocks (birds aged 3–6 wk) were collected in different regions of the country and tested with the use of real-time PCR (all samples) and conventional PCR (those samples positive in real-time PCR) assays. The presence of CAV was detected in 16 of the flocks tested. Phylogenetic analysis clearly confirmed the existence of genetic diversity within the group of circulating CAV strains and their distinctiveness from vaccine strains used in Poland.