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10 July 2019 Epizootiology, Clinical Signs, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fowl Adenovirus in Chicken Farms in Indonesia from 2018 to 2019
Michael Haryadi Wibowo, Aprilla Sahesty, Bayu K. Mahardika, Budi Purwanto, Christina Lilis Lestariningsih, Ida Bagus Kade Suardana, Ida Bagus Oka Winaya, Ine Irine, Jodi Suryanggono, Melina Jonas, Theresia Murwijati, Gusti Ngurah Mahardika
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Abstract

Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infection is an emerging problem in the world poultry industry, especially in broilers, as the causal agent of inclusion body hepatitis or hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome. From December 2017 to January 2019, we recorded 116 cases of suspected hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in chicken farms throughout Indonesia. Necropsy was done on each farm site with three to five freshly dead birds per farm. Tissue samples were collected in virus transport medium and frozen at –20 C. The virus was cultivated in 9-day-old fertilized specific-pathogenic-free chicken eggs. FAdV was detected using polymerase chain reaction with a published primer set. The polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and subjected to a BLAST search. The phylogeny was inferred using the neighbor-joining method and tested using the bootstrap test. FadV-D and -E are present in Indonesia and confirmed in 40 of 116 suspected cases. The affected chicken ages were 27.27 ± 8.94 days. Most affected farms were raising broiler chickens. The only typical clinical sign was unusual daily mortality of >1%, while the three most frequent pathologic lesions were swelling and hemorrhage of kidney and liver, as well as hydropericardium. To reduce economic loss, a vaccine should be developed immediately.

Michael Haryadi Wibowo, Aprilla Sahesty, Bayu K. Mahardika, Budi Purwanto, Christina Lilis Lestariningsih, Ida Bagus Kade Suardana, Ida Bagus Oka Winaya, Ine Irine, Jodi Suryanggono, Melina Jonas, Theresia Murwijati, and Gusti Ngurah Mahardika "Epizootiology, Clinical Signs, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fowl Adenovirus in Chicken Farms in Indonesia from 2018 to 2019," Avian Diseases 63(4), 619-624, (10 July 2019). https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-19-00127
Received: 10 June 2019; Accepted: 10 July 2019; Published: 10 July 2019
KEYWORDS
broiler
fowl adenovirus
hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome
inclusion body hepatitis
Indonesia
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