Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, China's forestry industry has reached important milestones. The country's total industrial output value has been increasing, structures have been continuously optimized, and emerging industries have developed rapidly. This paper initially takes the construction of China's industrial system as its main focus and divides it into four stages based on data and policy documents: an initial period of industrial system establishment, a period of reform and exploration, a period of refinement and stabilization, and finally a period of diversification and expansion. The paper then analyses important driving factors including policies and systems, investment and financing, international trade, technology and other impacts on China's forestry industry, and in turn builds a forestry industry drive path map. Finally, the authors propose that China's future forestry industry will be ecological, green, modern, refined, multi-integrated and cross-composite.