Cheng, Y.; Xu, Q., and Zhang, Y., 2016. Tidal estimation from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason primary, and interleaved missions in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China seas.

In this study, response analysis of 18 years of TOPEX/Poseidon–Jason-1–Jason-2 (T/P-Jason) primary mission and 4 years of TOPEX–Jason-1 (TOPEX-Jason) interleaved mission along-track data is performed to derive four principal tidal constituents (M₂, S₂, K₁, and O₁) in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China seas (BYE). The intercomparison at crossover points and comparison with the ground truth show that the combination of T/P-Jason primary with TOPEX-Jason interleaved mission data are suitable for estimating the four principal tidal constituents in the regions. Three data sets of harmonic constants determined from tide-gauge records are used to investigate the impacts of TOPEX-Jason interleaved mission data on tidal constituent estimation over the BYE regions. The accuracy of estimated tidal constituents using 18 years of T/P-Jason data is slightly better than that using 10 years of T/P data in comparison with tide-gauge data over the coastal regions. However, comparisons with 116 tide-gauge data show that the root-mean-square differences in amplitude are reduced by 31%, 38%, 7%, and 7% (M₂, S₂, K₁, and O₁) when using primary mission and interleaved mission data to replace the T/P-Jason primary mission data for tide estimation in the study area. Moreover, the cotidal charts of the major tide constituents are well produced because the satellite altimetry recovers the tidal signal twice with dense ground tracks and more available measurements available in the regions.