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1 August 2001 Pest Response in Packed Table Grapes to Low Temperature Storage Combined with Slow-Release Sulfur Dioxide Pads in Basic and Large-Scale Tests
Victoria Y. Yokoyama, Gina T. Miller, Carlos H. Crisosto
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Abstract

The effect of low temperature storage combined with slow release sulfur dioxide pads was determined in basic laboratory and large-scale commercial tests on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande; grape mealybug, Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn); Pacific spider mite, Tetranychus pacificus McGregor; twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch; and omnivorous leafroller, Platynota stultana Walshingham. Temperatures within the foam containers among the packed clusters decreased from ambient to 2°C within approximately 1 d and ranged from 0.4 to 1.7°C in all tests. Sulfur dioxide concentrations in the foam containers ranged between 0.2 and 1.6 ppm during the 1- to 6-wk storage period in basic tests and 0.5–1.1 ppm during the 1- to 8-wk storage period in the large-scale test. Western flower thrips was completely controlled by a ≥1-wk exposure. Grape mealybug mortality was ≥93% after 2–5 wk exposures and 100% after a 6-wk exposure in basic tests. Pacific spider mite and twospotted spider mite mortality was 98.0 and 99.6%, respectively, after a 6-wk exposure. Mortality of grape mealybug and twospotted spider mite increased significantly at ≥3-wk exposures and Pacific spider mite mortality increased significantly at ≥4-wk exposures. Mortality of the spider mites in general was directly related to the duration of exposure. An 8-wk exposure to low temperature storage combined with slow release sulfur dioxide pads in the large-scale test resulted in 100% mortality of western flower thrips, twospotted spider mite, and omnivorous leafroller. The treatment resulted in <8% survival of grape mealybug and <1% survival of Pacific spider mite in the large-scale test. The combination treatment offers an economical method to attain quarantine control of certain insects and mites.

Victoria Y. Yokoyama, Gina T. Miller, and Carlos H. Crisosto "Pest Response in Packed Table Grapes to Low Temperature Storage Combined with Slow-Release Sulfur Dioxide Pads in Basic and Large-Scale Tests," Journal of Economic Entomology 94(4), 984-988, (1 August 2001). https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-94.4.984
Received: 17 May 2000; Accepted: 1 April 2001; Published: 1 August 2001
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KEYWORDS
Frankliniella occidentalis
Platynota stultana
Pseudococcus maritimus Tetranychus urticae
quarantine
Tetranychus pacificus
Vitis vinifera
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