The pen shell Atrina maura has economic importance in northwestern Mexico, but limitations to rear larvae in hatcheries increased the interest of scientists and producers to study aspects of reproduction and larval cultivation. Reproductive and larval performances of the species were studied in relation to the origin (depth, phases of tidal cycle) and gross condition of broodstock. The results were correlated to variations in water temperature and concentration of chlorophyll a. Tide influenced spawning response, which was between 40% and 100% successful in broodstock collected during rising and falling tides and only 10% at high or low tides (this percentage corresponds tomales only). The number and size of released and fertilized eggs and the survival of larvae were higher in pen shells collected at 5–8 m depth, compared with those collected at less than 1m. The number and size of released and fertilized eggs, number of veliger larvae, and the survival and growth rate of larvae were significantly higher in January 2012 and correspond to low temperatures, high concentrations of food, high percent of ripe gonads, high-condition index (CI), and low-muscle index (MI). These indicators were significantly lower in March 2012, when broodstock had the lowest percent of ripe gonads, the lowest CI, and the highest MI of all samples. The number and size of released eggs was positively correlated with concentration of chlorophyll a and negatively correlated with temperature, indicating that both factors play a different role in regulating reproductive output.