Lepidoptera are a conspicuous, diverse group of forest insects that are responsive to land management and perturbation. Nocturnal Lepidoptera and other insects were surveyed using blacklight traps during June and July of 1997 at Robinson Forest, a large experimental forest located in the Appalachians of eastern Kentucky. Though the capture of Lepidoptera and other common insect orders varied little between sampling locations, a seasonal trend was detected; fewer Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and total insects in general were captured in June versus July. Lepidoptera ≥20 mm in wingspan were further identified and enumerated. A total of 664 Lepidoptera of ≥100 species and 13 families were tabulated. Species turnover, particularly for the most abundant species, was commonplace between June and July. The food habits of abundant species were varied, suggesting the assemblage of Lepidoptera at Robinson Forest is not only taxonomically rich, but is functionally rich as well.