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27 February 2023 Conifer Fossil Woods from the Mid-Cretaceous (Albian) Kachaike Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina
Carlos D. Greppi, Roberto R. Pujana, Daniela P. Ruiz, Cosme F. Rombola, Inés Aramendía
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

We describe 21 silicified woods from the Kachaike Formation (Albian, mid-Cretaceous), collected in the Tucu Tucu Ranch, west-central Santa Cruz Province, Argentinean Patagonia. The specimens are composed entirely of secondary xylem, and their preservation varies among them. Anatomical studies indicate that they are conifers related to the families Araucariaceae and Hirmeriellaceae (=Cheirolepidiaceae) and are placed into two fossil species: Agathoxylon antarcticum and Brachyoxylon patagonicum. All the specimens studied show marked growth rings, indicating annual seasonality. Decay patterns similar to those produced by modern xylophagous fungi are also recognized. The presence of Araucariaceae and Hirmeriellaceae fossil woods allows a better understanding of the paleoflora of the Kachaike Formation, based previously only on palynological and fossil leaf studies. In addition, it provides additional information regarding conifers' dominance of the tree canopy during the Cretaceous of Patagonia.

Se describen 21 maderas silicificadas de la Formación Kachaike (Albiano, Cretácico medio), recolectadas en la estancia Tucu Tucu, centro-oeste de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina. Los especímenes están compuestos enteramente por xilema secundario y el grado de preservación varía entre cada uno de los ejemplares. Los estudios anatómicos indican que son coníferas afines a las familias Araucariaceae e Hirmeriellaceae (=Cheirolepidiaceae), y son asignadas a dos especies fósiles: Agathoxylon antarcticum y Brachyoxylon patagonicum. Todos los ejemplares estudiados presentan anillos de crecimiento marcados, indicando estacionalidad anual. Se reconocen también patrones de pudrición similares a los producidos por hongos xilófagos modernos. La presencia de leños fósiles de Araucariaceae e Hirmeriellaceae permite un mejor entendimiento de la paleoflora de la Formación Kachaike, basada previamente únicamente en estudios palinológicos y de hojas fósiles. Asimismo, brinda información adicional en cuanto a la dominancia del estrato arbóreo por parte de las coníferas durante el Cretácico de Patagonia

Carlos D. Greppi, Roberto R. Pujana, Daniela P. Ruiz, Cosme F. Rombola, and Inés Aramendía "Conifer Fossil Woods from the Mid-Cretaceous (Albian) Kachaike Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina," Ameghiniana 60(1), 3-17, (27 February 2023). https://doi.org/10.5710/AMGH.30.11.2022.3523
Received: 17 June 2022; Accepted: 30 November 2022; Published: 27 February 2023
KEYWORDS
Agathoxylon
Agathoxylon
Araucariaceae
Araucariaceae
Argentinean Patagonia
Brachyoxylon
Brachyoxylon
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