Although no members of the spider family Prodidomidae have previously been described from Chile, that country has a substantial, and largely endemic, prodidomid fauna. The Argentine genus Moreno Mello-Leitão is transferred from the Gnaphosidae to the Prodidomidae. Moreno was previously known only from the female holotype of its type species, but two additional species from Argentina and three from Chile are newly described, including the first known males of the genus. Three new genera are described: Chileomma, containing seven new six-eyed species from northern and central Chile; Chilongius, containing five new species from northern Chile; and Chileuma, containing three new species from northern and central Chile. A newly discovered feature on the tarsal claws is hypothesized to be a synapomorphy uniting Moreno and Chilongius with the other South American tricongiine Theuminae.