A revision of the nocturnal social wasp genus, Apoica, is presented. The revision is based on a cladistic analysis of morphological, behavioral, and molecular characters of the nine nominal species. The subgenera Deuterapoica and Apoica are consistent with the phylogenetic results, and are thus retained. A new species, Apoica ellenae, whose phylogenetic position is uncertain, is described. A variant of A. albimacula from Peru is noted. This brings the total number of species in the genus to 10.