Arundinaria baviensis Balansa was found to have short-necked pachymorph rhizomes and culms with nodal rings of root thorns, especially dense at lower nodes. This is in accordance with the characteristics of Chimonocalamus, and therefore a new combination, Chimonocalamus baviensis (Balansa) N.H. Xia, V.L. Le & Y.F. Deng, is proposed.