Saussurea wenchengiae B.Q. Xu, G. Hao & N.H. Xia, a new species from Qinghai, China, of Saussurea subg. Amphilaena sect. Pseudoamphilaena, is described and illustrated. It is similar to S. polycolea, but differs in its shorter stature, narrowly elliptic middle and upper stem leaf blade with a denticulate margin, and a cylindrical or narrowly campanulate involucre. A color plate, line drawings, a distribution map of S. wenchengiae, and SEM microphotographs of the leaf surfaces of S. wenchengiae and S. polycolea are provided.