We provide a new phylogeny of the tribe Rochelieae (Boraginaceae, Cynoglossoideae) using sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nr-DNA ITS), plastid trnL(UAA) intron, trnL(UAA)-trnF(GAA) intergenic spacer (trnL-F), and rpl32-trnL(UAG) intergenic spacer (rpl32-trnL(UAG)). The analyses resolved a well-supported Rochelieae clade. Hackelia and Rochelia are monophyletic while Lappula, Eritrichium, and Lepechiniella are not. The species of Lappula form three distinct lineages across the tribe Rochelieae. Lappula sinaica is placed in a new monotypic genus Pseudolappula Khoshsokhan & Kaz. Osaloo. Lappula sessiliflora and L. drobovii are segregated from Lappula and transferred to Rochelia. The three species of Lepechiniella are transferred to Lappula. In concordance with previous studies, our analyses demonstrated that the North American species of Lappula were derived from the Asian relatives. A taxonomic treatment of Lappula, Rochelia and Pseudolappula as well as a key to the genera of the tribe are provided.