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22 September 2016 Direct and Indirect Consumption of Tannic Acid Impedes the Development and Survival of Parasitoid when Parasitizing Cotton Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Y. H. Yang, J. P. Michaud, X. M. Guan, J. J. Cao, Z. Li, Q. P. Yang, Q. W. Zhang, X. X. Liu
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Abstract

Tannins are ubiquitous secondary plant compounds that reduce the biological performance of herbivores by impeding protein metabolism. They may also impact the third trophic level when parasitoids or predators ingest herbivore tissues containing tannins. Microplitis mediator (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important parasitoid of polyphagous moth species such as Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In this study, we analyzed the direct and indirect effects of tannic acid on M. mediator development and longevity when wasps either fed directly on tannic acid in honey solution, or developed in H. armigera larvae reared on diet containing tannic acid. The longevity of both male and female M. mediator was shortened when they fed on honey solution containing various concentrations of tannic acid. Transgenerational effects were also evident, as fewer F1 offspring cocooned successfully, and those that did so often had extended developmental times and lower mass of cocoon. When parasitoid larvae developed in host larvae fed tannic acid in their diet, the percentage cocooning successfully, mass of cocoon, and cocoon time were all negatively impacted, although developmental times were unaffected. Surprisingly, the longevity of both male and female parasitoids was extended by the highest tannic acid concentration (5 mg/g of host larva). We conclude that both direct and indirect consumption of tannic acid can negatively affect the fitness of M. mediator, and thus breeding for tannin content in cotton to impede herbivore performance may have unintended effects on the third trophic level that may reduce the agronomic benefits.

© The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
Y. H. Yang, J. P. Michaud, X. M. Guan, J. J. Cao, Z. Li, Q. P. Yang, Q. W. Zhang, and X. X. Liu "Direct and Indirect Consumption of Tannic Acid Impedes the Development and Survival of Parasitoid when Parasitizing Cotton Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)," Annals of the Entomological Society of America 109(6), 839-844, (22 September 2016). https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saw062
Received: 28 January 2016; Accepted: 14 August 2016; Published: 22 September 2016
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KEYWORDS
longevity
old world bollworm
secondary plant compound
Tritrophic interaction
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