The paper presents new taxonomic and faunistic data on the Salticidae from Iran collected by Antoine Senglet (1927–2015) and deposited in the Museum d'historie naturelle, Gèneve, Switzerland. A total of 61 Iranian species are reported. Seven species are descrbed as new: Attulus croceus sp. n. (♂♀, Tehran, Mazandaran), Heliophanus kavar sp. n. (♂♀, Fars, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad), Menemerus sengleti sp. n. (♂♀, Kermanshah, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad), Mogrus sivand sp. n. (♂♀, Fars, Kurdistan), Pellenes ignotus sp. n. (♂♀, Hamedan), Plexippus scleroepigynalis sp. n. (♀, Fars), and Synageles khorasanicus sp. n. (♀, Razavi Khorasan). One species and one subspecies are synonymized: Plexippus strandi dushanbinus Andreeva, 1969, syn. n. from Tajikistan and Plexippus gershomi Prószyński, 2017, syn. n. from Israel with Plexippus strandi Spassky, 1939. The male lectotype is designated for Attus vilis Kulczyński, 1895, and its synonymy with Attulus ammophilus (Thorell, 1895) is confirmed and reinstated, syn. reinst. Six species are recorded for the Iranian spider fauna for the first time: Attulus inexpectus (Logunov & Kronestedt, 1997), A. inopinabilis (Logunov, 1992), Euophrys pseudogambosa Strand, 1915, Heliophanus kochii Simon, 1868, H. potanini Schenkel, 1963, and Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836). Additional faunistic records from Afghanistan are given for three species: Mogrus antoninus Andreeva, 1976, Myrmarachne tristis (Simon, 1882), and Thyene imperialis (Rossi, 1846), of which M. tristis is a new species record for the country. Comparative materials from Kazakhstan were included for five species. It is also shown that the record of Heliophanus verus Wesołowska, 1986 from Turkey (Kırıkkale Province) actually belongs to H. mordax O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872.