Nine new species of Solanum and two of Capsicum are described from Bolivia. Notes are provided on some other species, including the complex typification of Solanum aridum. Capsicum caballeroi, C. ceratocalyx, Solanum chalmersii, S. clandestinum, S. comarapanum, S. complectens, S. monanthemon, S. moxosense, S. pedemontanum, S. saturatum, and S. whalenii are described and illustrated, and a new name, S. scuticum, is proposed for the species previously known as S. tabacifolium.