Bytebier, B. (2025). The correct name for the type species of the genus Benthamia (Habenariinae, Orchidaceae). Candollea 80: 1–5. In English, English abstract.

Louis-Marie Aubert Aubert Du Petit-Thouars (1758–1831) was one of the first botanists to describe several orchids, collected on the Mascarenes and Madagascar, in a seminal work published in 1822. Besides Linnean binomials, Du Petit-Thouars proposed alternative (Thouarsian) names that should be taken into consideration in certain nomenclatural situations, since they are proper binomials. One of the newly proposed species was Satyrium latifolium Thouars with the alternative Thouarsian name Satorkis latisatis Thouars. However, the former name is a later homonym and thus illegitimate. When Sprengel transferred the species to Habenaria Willd., the epithet latifolia was unavailable because of the existence of a previous homonym, and he coined the replacement name H. chlorantha Spreng., whereas he should have used the Thouarsian epithet latisatis. Lastly, Garay & Romero transferred the Sprengel name to the genus Benthamia A. Rich, which has hitherto been treated as the accepted name for this species and is furthermore the type species of the genus. However, in view of the fact that this is an illegitimate superfluous name, the correct binomial is proposed here as B. latisatis (Thouars) Bytebier.

Received: October 28, 2024; Accepted: December 4, 2024; First published online: February 26, 2025

Lack, H.W. & K. Böhme (2025). The anonymous Almanach de flore: the garden of Malmaison in decline. Candollea 80: 7–19. In English, English abstract.

The Almanach de flore is an exceedingly rare print which has escaped the attention of the bibliographers of taxonomic literature. Published in Paris in two issues in 1817 and 1818, it contains among others the description and illustration of sixteen plants in cultivation in the garden of Malmaison, which was owned at that time by Napoleon's adopted son Eugène de Beauharnais. No author is given in this volume in duodecimo but evidence is presented that Étienne Soulange-Bodin, the intendant of Malmaison at the time, is most likely to have written the botanical texts. The twelve illustrations are colour prints, five of which are based on watercolours by Pancrace Bessa. Among the sixteen species described, a single one, Erica tamnoides Soul.-Bod. (Ericaceae), had his name validated in the Almanach de flore; it is regarded as a later synonym for E. fastigiata L. The spectrum of plants dealt with in this book adds significantly to our knowledge of the inventory of the garden at Malmaison which was then in decline and later given up and sold.

Received: May 15, 2024; Accepted: January 23, 2025; First published online: February 26, 2025

Klein, D.-P., R. Mangelsdorff, R. Letsara, R. Shtein & S.E. Rodewald (2025). Two new species of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) from western Madagascar. Candollea 80: 21–31.In English, English and French abstracts.

Two new species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae) from the Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, western Madagascar, are described and illustrated, supplemented by detailed notes on their habitat, ecology, and taxonomic position. Kalanchoe luteola D.-P. Klein, Letsara & Mangelsdorff is distinguished from other known representatives of Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe from Madagascar by its particularly long, creamy yellow corolla tube. The length of the corolla tube makes K. luteola the species with the longest known corolla tube of all Malagasy taxa in the genus. Kalanchoe manambolensis D.-P. Klein, Letsara & Shtein is distinguished from K. aromatica H. Perrier and K. bouvetii Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier by its indumentum, its corolla length and proportions, and its leaf shape. Both new species' risk of extinction are preliminarily assessed as “Vulnerable” [VU] using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Klein, D.-P., R. Mangelsdorff, R. Letsara, R. Shtein & S.E. Rodewald (2025). Deux nouvelles espèces de Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) de l'ouest de Madagascar. Candollea 80: 21–31.En anglais, résumés anglais et français.

Deux nouvelles espèces de Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae) du Parc National de Tsingy de Bemaraha, à l'ouest de Madagascar, sont décrites et illustrées, complétées par des notes détaillées sur leur habitat, leur écologie et leur position taxonomique. Kalanchoe luteola D.-P. Klein, Letsara & Mangelsdorff se distingue des autres représentants de Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe connus de Madagascar par son tube de corolle particulièrement long et jaune crème. La longueur du tube de la corolle fait de K. luteola l'espèce avec le plus long tube de corolle connu de tous les taxons malgaches du genre. Kalanchoe manambolensis D.-P. Klein, Letsara & Shtein se distingue de K. aromatica H. Perrier et K. bouvetii Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier par son indumentum, la longueur et les proportions de sa corolle, et la forme de ses feuilles. Le risque d'extinction des deux nouvelles espèces est provisoirement évalué comme «Vulnérable» [VU] suivant les catégories et critères de la Liste rouge de l'UICN.

Received: July 18, 2024; Accepted: January 23, 2025; First published online: February 26, 2025

Hopkins, H.C.F. & J. Wajer (2025). Parkia timoriana (Leguminosae), its synonyms and their types, and the identity of Gleditsia javanica. Candollea 80: 33–52. In English, English abstract.

Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimoseae), a large forest tree distributed from north-east India to north-west New Guinea, has had two other names commonly applied to it at different times: P. roxburghii G. Don, based on a type from north-east India, and P. javanica (Lam.) Merr., with a type originating from Java. In addition, it has sometimes been referred to by names that belong to an African species in this genus, P. biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don (syn. P. africana R. Br.), which is clearly distinct. The history of name changes and confusion with the African and two other Asian species are outlined. We reiterate the doubts previously expressed by Nielsen and others about the identity of an illustration of seeds and a small, sterile plant in a pre-Linnaean work by Commelin, which is the lectotype of Gleditsia javanica Lam., the basionym of Parkia javanica. This drawing does not accurately represent the morphology of P. timoriana when compared with specimens of seedlings of verified identity, although the local name given by Commelin, “kaduwang”, does refer to this species. Several additional taxonomic names that have not been widely used also apply to P. timoriana; among them, Mimosa peregrina sensu Blanco, non L., is a misapplied name. A sheet at L is identified here as the type of Parkia grandis Hassk., and P. calcarata Gagnep. is transferred to the synonymy of P. speciosa Hassk. and a lectotype is designated.

Received: November 25, 2024; Accepted: January 31, 2025; First published online: March 12, 2025

Feltes González, O.A., J.F. Mongelós Camacho, P.R. Marchi Brusquetti & A.T. Gabriaguez Ayala (2025). First record of Luetzelburgia sotoi (Fabaceae) for the Paraguayan flora. Candollea 80: 53–56. In Spanish, English and Spanish abstracts.

Luetzelburgia sotoi D.B.O.S. Cardoso, L.P. Queiroz & H.C. Lima, a species described from Santa Cruz Department in Bolivia, is recorded for the first time in Paraguay. A succinct morphological description is provided, as well as data concerning phenology, ecology, distribution, and conservation status in Paraguay.

Feltes González, O.A., J.F. Mongelós Camacho, P.R. Marchi Brusquetti & A.T. Gabriaguez Ayala (2025). Primer registro de Luetzelburgia sotoi (Fabaceae) para la flora del Paraguay. Candollea 80: 53–56. En español, resúmenes en inglés y español.

Luetzelburgia sotoi D.B.O.S. Cardoso, L.P. Queiroz & H.C. Lima, especie descrita del departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia, se cita por primera vez para el Paraguay. Se presenta una breve descripción morfológica, así como datos de fenología, ecología, distribución y estado de conservación en Paraguay.

Received: October 1, 2024; Accepted: February 19, 2025; First published online: March 12, 2025

Compton, J.A. & H.W. Lack (2025). History and typification of Pelargonium adulterinum (Geraniaceae). Candollea 80: 57–64. In English, English abstract.

The status and origin of the species Pelargonium adulterinum L'Hér. (Geraniaceae) from the Western Cape of South Africa and its correct authorship are discussed. It is shown that L'Héritier not Aiton is the author of the name. A lectotype originating from L'Héritier's herbarium is designated on a collection kept in Candolle's herbarium (G-DC). The later name P. semitrilobum Jacq. is shown to be synonymous and a lectotype is designated originating from Jacquin's collections now in Vienna (W).

Received: January 3, 2025; Accepted: February 28, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025

Smith, G.F. (2025). Clarifying application of the name Kalanchoe delagoensis (Crassulaceae, Cotyledonoideae), the most invasive Kalanchoe globally. Candollea 80: 65–68. In English, English abstract.

Following uncertainty about the correct name to use for the most invasive species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae, Cotyledonoideae) globally, it was recently confirmed that K. delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh. is the correct one to use. The only material – a single specimen that is interpreted as the holotype – mentioned in the protologue of the name K. delagoensis was referred to by its authors, Ecklon and Zeyher, as an “Exemplum unicum et mutilum [A single and mutilated example]” that originated from either Mozambique (where it is not indigenous) or from Madagascar (where it is indigenous). To stabilise the nomenclature associated with the economically important K. delagoensis, an epitype is designated to serve as an interpretive type, given the poor quality of the holotype of the name. The epitype, held in P, was collected in Madagascar by Humbert in 1928.

Received: January 6, 2025; Accepted: March 8, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025

Ravomanana, E.O., V.T. Ramarosandratana, A. Elliott, R. Verohanitra, M. Rakotoarinivo & T.L.P. Couvreur (2025). An updated checklist of Annonaceae species of the western Indian Ocean with the description of a new species of Fenerivia from Madagascar. Candollea 80: 69–94. In English, English and French abstracts.

In the western Indian Ocean islands, which include Madagascar, the Mascarene, Mayotte and Comoros, taxonomic research of the major pantropical family Annonaceae is outdated. Based on a taxonomically verified database of 2,794 georeferenced botanical collections (2,752 from Madagascar), 110 native Annonaceae taxa (106 species) belonging to 9 genera are recorded for this region. A total of 106 native taxa (102 species) are recorded from Madagascar (105 taxa endemic), including a newly described species of Fenerivia Diels. Five species are recorded from Comoros, Mayotte and the Mascarene islands. Huberantha humblotii (Cavaco & Keraudren) Chaowasku is the only non-endemic Malagasy species sharing its distribution with Comoros. We make five new combinations, transferring four species from Popowia Endl. into Sphaerocoryne (Boerl.) Scheff. ex Ridl. and one Uvaria L. species into Huberantha Chaowasku. Finally, 43 names are lectotypified. The genus Popowia is now no longer present in Madagascar, being restricted to Southeast Asia. The genus Xylopia L. is the most diverse in Madagascar with 30 species, followed by Uvaria (21 spp.) and Monanthotaxis Baill. (13 spp.). Endemic Malagasy genera include Fenerivia with 11 species and Ambavia Le Thomas (2 spp.). The history of botanical collections reflects Madagascar's political and socioeconomic changes. Initial collections were sparse during the royal period but increased significantly during the colonial and post-independence eras. Future research should focus on Ambavia, Fenerivia, Monanthotaxis, Sphaerocoryne and Uvaria, which will prove important for better understanding Madagascar's Annonaceae diversity.

Ravomanana, E.O., V.T. Ramarosandratana, A. Elliott, R. Verohanitra, M. Rakotoarinivo & T.L.P. Couvreur (2025). Une check-list mise à jour des espèces d'Annonaceae de l'océan Indien occidental avec la description d'une nouvelle espèce de Fenerivia de Madagascar. Candollea 80: 69–94. En anglais, résumés anglais et français.

Dans les îles de l'océan Indien occidental, qui incluent Madagascar, les Mascareignes, Mayotte et les Comores, les recherches taxonomiques sur la famille pantropicale des Annonaceae sont obsolètes. Sur la base d'une base de données taxonomiquement vérifiée de 2794 collections botaniques géoréférencées (dont 2752 proviennent de Madagascar), nous enregistrons 110 taxons natifs représentant 106 espèces et 9 genres d'Annonaceae pour cette région. Un total de 106 taxons natifs, dont 102 espèces, sont enregistrés pour Madagascar (105 taxons endémiques), y compris une espèce nouvellement décrite dans le genre Fenerivia Diels. Cinq espèces sont enregistrées aux Comores, à Mayotte et dans les îles Mascareignes. Huberantha humblotii (Cavaco & Keraudren) Chaowasku est la seule espèce malgache non endémique partageant sa répartition avec les îles Comores. Nous présentons cinq nouvelles combinaisons, transférant quatre espèces de Popowia Endl. dans Sphaerocoryne (Boerl.) Scheff. ex Ridl. et une espèce d'Uvaria L. dans Huberantha Chaowasku. Enfin, nous avons réalisé 43 lectotypifications à travers la famille. Le genre Popowia n'est plus présent à Madagascar et se limite désormais à l'Asie du Sud-Est. Le genre Xylopia L. est le plus diversifié à Madagascar avec 30 espèces, suivi de Uvaria (21 spp.) et Monanthotaxis Baill. (13 spp.). Les genres malgaches endémiques comprennent Fenerivia avec 11 espèces et Ambavia Le Thomas (2 spp.). L'histoire des collections botaniques reflète les changements politiques et socio-économiques de Madagascar. Les premières collections étaient rares durant la période royale, mais ont considérablement augmenté pendant les périodes coloniale et post-indépendance. Les recherches futures devront se concentrer sur les genres Ambavia, Fenerivia, Monanthotaxis, Sphaerocoryne et Uvaria, ce qui sera important pour mieux décrire la diversité des Annonaceae de Madagascar.

Received: September 5, 2024; Accepted: April 9, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025

Jongkind, C.C.H. & L. Nusbaumer (2025). Two new species of Combretum (Combretaceae) from Loky Manambato (Daraina, north-east Madagascar). Candollea 80: 95–102. In English, English and French abstracts.

Two new Combretum Loefl. subg. Combretum (Combretaceae) species are described and illustrated from north-east Madagascar. They are restricted to the forests of the Loky Manambato protected area [Paysage Harmonieux Protégé de Loky Manambato]. Combretum microflorum Jongkind & Nusb. can be distinguished from all other Combretum subg. Combretum species on Madagascar by the small size of the flowers (receptacle c. 2.5 mm long), whereas C. nanophyllum Jongkind & Nusb. differs in having small leaves (blade 0.8–2.7 × 0.6–1.5 cm). The distribution and ecology of the two new species are discussed and their conservation status is provisionally assessed following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Jongkind, C.C.H. & L. Nusbaumer (2025). Deux nouvelles espèces de Combretum (Combretaceae) de Loky Manambato (Daraina, nord-est de Madagascar). Candollea 80: 95–102. En anglais, résumés anglais et français.

Deux nouvelles espèces de Combretum Loefl. subg. Combretum (Combretaceae) du nord-est de Madagascar sont décrites et illustrées. Elles ne sont connues que des forêts du Paysage Harmonieux Protégé de Loky Manambato. Combretum microflorum Jongkind & Nusb. se distingue de toutes les autres espèces de Combretum subg. Combretum à Madagascar par la petite taille de ses fleurs (réceptacle d'environ 2,5 mm de long) et C. nanophyllum Jongkind & Nusb. diffère par ses petites feuilles (limbe de 0,8–2,7 × 0,6–1,5 cm). La distribution et l'écologie des deux nouvelles espèces sont discutées et leur statut de conservation préliminaire est évalué suivant les Catégories et Critères de la Liste rouge de l'UICN.

Received: September 10, 2024; Accepted: April 10, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025

Gautier, L., A. Randriarisoa & Y. Naciri (2025). Labramia samiana (Sapotaceae), a new endangered species from eastern Madagascar. Candollea 80: 103–107. In English, English and French abstracts.

While revising the Malagasy Sapotaceae, a new species belonging to the Western Indian Ocean Islands' endemic genus Labramia A. DC. was discovered. Sympatric with the widespread littoral forest L. bojeri A. DC., type of the genus, L. samiana Randriarisoa & L. Gaut. is a taller tree with smaller leaves and flowers, and its habitat is rather the lowland moist evergreen forest inland. It is more similar to L. capuronii Aubrév., to which it is morphologically compared. The species is described and illustrated, and a distribution map is presented. A preliminary conservation assessment using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria indicates that the species is “Endangered”.

Gautier, L., A. Randriarisoa & Y. Naciri (2025). Labramia samiana (Sapotaceae), une nouvelle espèce en danger de l'est de Madagascar. Candollea 80: 103–107. En anglais, résumés anglais et français.

À la faveur d'une révision des espèces de Madagascar de la famille des Sapotaceae, une nouvelle espèce a été découverte dans le genre Labramia A. DC., endémique des îles de l'Ouest de l'Océan Indien. Sympatrique et génétiquement apparentée à L. bojeri A. DC., un taxon fréquent de la forêt littorale et espèce-type du genre, L. samiana Randriarisoa & L. Gaut. s'en distingue par un port plus élevé et par des feuilles et des fleurs nettement plus petites. C'est par ailleurs plutôt une espèce de la forêt dense humide sempervirente, un peu plus éloignée de la côte. Elle ressemble plus à L. capuronii Aubrév., à laquelle elle est comparée. La nouvelle espèce est décrite et illustrée, et une carte de distribution est proposée. Une évaluation préliminaire de son risque d'extinction selon les Catégories et Critères de la Liste rouge de l'UICN révèle que l'espèce se classe dans la catégorie «En danger».

Received: February 24, 2025; Accepted: April 17, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025

Hermans, J., L. Gautier & L. Rapp (2025). Benthamia mamilyae (Orchidaceae), a new species from southern Madagascar. Candollea 80: 109–114. In English, English and French abstracts.

A new orchid species, Benthamia mamilyae L. Rapp & Hermans, is described from the Andohahela National Park in southern Madagascar. It is most similar to Benthamia nivea Schltr. but has narrower leaves, more reflexed tepals, a shorter spur and a more distinct midlobe of the anther. The preliminary conservation status is assessed as “Critically Endangered” in accordance with the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. A line drawing and field photographs are also provided.

Hermans, J., L. Gautier & L. Rapp (2025). Benthamia mamilyae (Orchidaceae), une nouvelle espèce du Sud de Madagascar. Candollea 80: 109–114. En anglais, résumés anglais et français.

Une nouvelle espèce d'orchidée, Benthamia mamilyae L. Rapp & Hermans, est décrite du parc national d'Andohahela, dans le sud-est de Madagascar. Elle ressemble le plus à Benthamia nivea Schltr. mais a des feuilles plus étroites, des tépales plus réfléchis, un éperon plus court et un lobe médian de l'anthère plus prononcé. Le statut de conservation préliminaire est évalué comme «En danger critique» conformément aux Catégories et Critères de la Liste rouge de l'UICN. Un dessin au trait et des photographies de terrain sont également fournis.

Received: December 4, 2024; Accepted: April 17, 2025; First published online: June 4, 2025