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8 March 2022 Comparative effects of biochar and NPK on wheat crops under different management systems
Ibad Ullah, Dost Muhammad, Maria Mussarat, Shadman Khan, Muhammad Adnan, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Ismail, Ishaq Ahmad Mian, Aizaz Ali, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Muhammad Saeed, Farhana Gul, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Wajid Nasim, Shah Saud, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak, Masood Ahmad, Naushad Ali, Rasheed Akbar, Shah Masaud Khan, Jan Banout
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

As a multi-beneficial amendment, biochar is very useful to be applied for improving soil health and crop productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the influence of wood biochar and mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilisers viz, [(control; 100% NPK (120:90:60 kg ha−1); 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar; 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar; 25% NPK + 15 tonne biochar and 20 tonne biochar ha−1)] on wheat yield and soil properties under different management practices [(raised bed (more than 30 cm above the ground) and flat-bed)]. Split plot two factors randomised completed block (RCB) design with three replications were used where management practices were placed to main plot, while treatments were assigned to subplots. Maximum spike length, grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain and biological yield were obtained with application of 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar ha−1 under both raised and flat-bed, which were statistically at par to 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar ha−1. The grain and biological yield observed at 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar and 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar ha−1 were significantly higher than that of 20 tonne biochar ha−1. However, maximum soil organic matter, extractable P and K contents with slight increases in soil pH and EC was observed at 20 tonne biochar ha−1. Moreover, almost all agronomic parameters were significantly better in raised bed compared to flat-bed sowing. Hence, the present study suggested that 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar ha−1 is suitable for improving wheat yield and soil properties.

© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Ibad Ullah, Dost Muhammad, Maria Mussarat, Shadman Khan, Muhammad Adnan, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Ismail, Ishaq Ahmad Mian, Aizaz Ali, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Muhammad Saeed, Farhana Gul, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Wajid Nasim, Shah Saud, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak, Masood Ahmad, Naushad Ali, Rasheed Akbar, Shah Masaud Khan, and Jan Banout "Comparative effects of biochar and NPK on wheat crops under different management systems," Crop and Pasture Science 74(2), 31-40, (8 March 2022). https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21146
Received: 1 March 2021; Accepted: 24 November 2021; Published: 8 March 2022
KEYWORDS
Biochar
flat bed
mineral fertilisers
NPK
raised bed
soil management practices
soil pH
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