Two new species in the lichen family Pannariaceae have been discovered in collections from New Caledonia: Kroswia polydactyla and Pannaria flabellata. They are described. P. flabellata clearly belongs in a small group of species confined to the primeval tropical forests of SE Asia and East Africa. These species appear to be part of an old palaeotropic element to which also Pannaria reflectens (Nyl.) P.M.Jørg, Pannaria ramosii Vain. as well as Parmeliella polyphyllina P.M.Jørg. may belong — the first of which has been rediscovered in the island from where it was described, the latter two are new records. The Pacific Pannaria exasperata H.Magn. is also recorded as new.

Cantharellus addaiensis is redescribed, illustrated and neotypified. Epitypes are introduced for C. platyphyllus, C. symoensii, C. splendens and C. heinemannianus.

Two specimens of Neocampanella blastanos (Boidin & Gilles) Nakasone, Hibbet & Goranova, 2009 (Basidiomycota, Agaricales), collected in Mayotte (France, Comoros archipelago, Indian Ocean), are described and illustrated and brieflly compared to morphologically similar taxa. This uncommon, probably pantropical species is characterized by a thin, resupinate and adhesive basidiome that is first white, then whitish to pale beige. It is characterized by a monomitic structure, hyphae with clamps and a multitude of crystals, scattered capitate leptocystidia, numerous dendrohyphidia and subfusiform to pyriform basidiospores.

In this report, we investigate the presence of Lepiota species in section Lepiota in Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai). Five Lepiota species are characterised by distinct fusiform-amygdaliform spores. Of these, three species, namely L. eurysperma, L. microcarpa, and L. pongduadensis, are proposed as new species; L. metulispora is a new record for Thailand. Macro- and microscopic descriptions, illustrations, and a key to the species are provided. In addition, the identity of these Lepiota species is also clarified based on molecular data.

The lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) content in soil can qualitatively and quantitatively affect the microbial community and, therefore, the normal functioning of the soil ecosystem. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term Pb and Zn contamination on soil fungi isolated by the dilution plate method, also in relation to vegetal topsoil. We analysed soil samples collected near dominant plant species (Pistacia lentiscus L., Quercus ilex L., Arbutus unedo L., and Phillyrea angustifolia L.) in soils suffering from heavy metal pollution as well as in unpolluted sites. The study area is located in the mining district of Ingurtosu (South-West Sardinia), where the polluted sites were severely contaminated by lead extraction activities that probably began before the Roman era. The obtained data were subjected to multivariate analysis, using Canonical Correspondence Analysis, to determine the relationship between the soil biota and the environmental variables. High concentrations of lead and zinc, with some variation with respect to the vegetation, were found in the topsoil of all polluted sites. Soil pollution places stress on sensitive microorganisms, which causes a change in the diversity of soil mycota. A significant decline in micro-fungal abundance was observed in all polluted soils tested in this study. In addition, some interesting fungal species are discussed.

Based on two field trips undertaken in 2009 as well as a review of the literature, a checklist of the lichens and the lichenicolous fungi from El Hierro, the most southwestern of the Canary Islands, is presented. As a result, a total of 589 taxa are reported, including 278 new for the island of which 57 are new for the Canary Islands. In addition, 5 species are newly described in the genera Lecania, Lecidea, Protoparmelia, Solenopsora and Trinathotrema. The number of novelties reported here indicates that El Hierro is exceedingly under-recorded for the lichens and the lichenicolous fungi. Terricolous, saxicolous, as well as corticolous species are recorded, but foliicolous lichens have not been found. Notes are given on ecology and sometimes on morphology and chemistry.

Three taxa of dematiaceous hyphomycetes with tretic conidiogenous cells, Corynesporella cinnamomi sp. nov., Dendryphion comosum and Tretospeira ugandensis, are described and illustrated from plant debris in natural areas from the tropical forests of southern China. All are first records for China.

Clavulina incrustata is described from Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, and is characterized by the branched basidiomata, hymenium pale vinaceous fading to very pale cream-vinaceous, small subglobose to broadly ellipsoidal basidiospores, and context hyphae bearing ferrugineous brown incrusted matter. Illustrations of the holotype and a key for Neotropical taxa are provided.