Understanding direct response of insects to elevated CO₂ should help to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the effects of elevated CO₂ on interactions of insects with plants. This should improve our ability to predict shifts in insect population dynamics and community interactions under the conditions of climate change. Effects of elevated CO₂ levels on the fitness-related parameters were examined for multigenerations in the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). The larvae were allowed to feed on artificial diet, and reared in the closed-dynamic environment chambers with three CO₂ levels (ambient, 550 µl/liter, and 750 µl/liter) for six generations. In comparison with the ambient CO₂ level, mean larval survival rate decreased 9.9% in 750 µl/liter CO₂ level, across O. furnacalis generations, and larval and pupal development times increased 7.5–16.4% and 4.5–13.4%, respectively, in two elevated CO₂ levels. Pupal weight was reduced more than 12.2% in 750 µl/liter CO₂ level. Across O. furnacalis generations, mean food consumption per larva increased 2.7, 7.0% and frass excretion per larva increased 14.4, 22.5% in the two elevated CO₂ levels, respectively, compared with ambient CO₂ level. Elevated CO₂ levels resulted in the decline mean across O. furnacalis generations in mean relative growth rate, but increased in relative consumption rate. These results suggested that elevated CO₂ would reduce the fitness-related parameters such as higher mortality, lower pupal weight, and longer development times in long term. It also reduced the larval food digestibility and utilizing efficiency; in turn, this would result in increase of food consumption.