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6 February 2016 Development and Reproduction of Brethesiella cf. abnormicornis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a Parasitoid of the Colombian Fluted Scale, Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo & Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)
X. Montealegre, P. Sotelo, T. Kondo
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Abstract

Studies on the development and reproduction of Brethesiella cf. abnormicornis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the Colombian fluted scale, Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo & Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae), were conducted under laboratory conditions. The duration of the life cycle, adult longevity, fecundity, and population parameters were determined. The parasitoid takes about 29 d to complete a single generation (from egg to adult). In addition, population parameters show that one female wasp is replaced by nearly 32 females, with a female-to-male sex ratio of 2: 1. Population parameters estimated in this study can be considered baseline information for a mass-rearing protocol. This is the first detailed study of the biology of a species of Brethesiella, where the duration of all larval stages of the parasitoid is determined, being an important contribution for further biological studies of endoparasitoids.

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X. Montealegre, P. Sotelo, and T. Kondo "Development and Reproduction of Brethesiella cf. abnormicornis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a Parasitoid of the Colombian Fluted Scale, Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo & Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)," Environmental Entomology 45(2), 376-383, (6 February 2016). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvw004
Received: 14 October 2015; Accepted: 11 January 2016; Published: 6 February 2016
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KEYWORDS
biological control
Brethesiella cf. abnormicornis
life history
natural enemy
parasitoid
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