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14 October 2020 Changes in the Summer Wild Bee Community Following a Bark Beetle Outbreak in a Douglas-fir Forest
Gabriel G. Foote, Nathaniel E. Foote, Justin B. Runyon, Darrell W. Ross, Christopher J. Fettig
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Abstract

The status of wild bees has received increased interest following recent estimates of large-scale declines in their abundances across the United States. However, basic information is limited regarding the factors affecting wild bee communities in temperate coniferous forest ecosystems. To assess the early responses of bees to bark beetle disturbance, we sampled the bee community of a Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.), forest in western Idaho, United States during a Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), outbreak beginning in summer 2016. We resampled the area in summer 2018 following reductions in forest canopy cover resulting from mortality of dominant and codominant Douglas-fir. Overall, results from rarefaction analyses indicated significant increases in bee diversity (Shannon's H) in 2018 compared to 2016. Results from ANOVA also showed significant increases in bee abundance and diversity in 2018 compared to 2016. Poisson regression analyses revealed percent tree mortality from Douglas-fir beetle was positively correlated with increases in total bee abundance and species richness, where community response variables displayed a cubic trend with percent tree mortality. Percent reduction in canopy cover from 2016 to 2018 was also correlated with bee species richness and diversity.These findings suggest that wild bee communities may benefit from changes in forest structure following bark beetle outbreaks.

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Gabriel G. Foote, Nathaniel E. Foote, Justin B. Runyon, Darrell W. Ross, and Christopher J. Fettig "Changes in the Summer Wild Bee Community Following a Bark Beetle Outbreak in a Douglas-fir Forest," Environmental Entomology 49(6), 1437-1448, (14 October 2020). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa119
Received: 23 March 2020; Accepted: 28 August 2020; Published: 14 October 2020
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KEYWORDS
bee conservation
forest ecology
pollinators
Scolytinae
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