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16 November 2022 Nonnutritive Sugars for Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Control Have Minimal Nontarget Effects on Honey Bee Larvae, a Pupal Parasitoid, and Yellow Jackets
Briana E. Price, Carolyn Breece, Gracie Galindo, Abigail Greenhalgh, Ramesh Sagili, Man-yeon Choi, Jana C. Lee
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Abstract

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, spotted-wing drosophila, is a major pest of small fruits and cherries and often managed with conventional insecticides. Our previous work found that erythritol, a nonnutritive polyol, has insecticidal properties to D. suzukii. Two formulations of erythritol (1.5M), with 0.5M sucrose or 0.1M sucralose, are most effective at killing D. suzukii. In this study, we investigated the nontarget effects of these erythritol formulations on honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus larvae, a pupal parasitoid of D. suzukii, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae Rondani, and western yellow jacket, Vespula pensylvanica Saussure. We directly exposed honey bee larvae by adding a high dose (2 µl) to larval cells and found no significant mortality from either formulation compared to the water control. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae may encounter erythritol in field settings when host plants of D. suzukii are sprayed. The erythritol+sucralose formulation was more detrimental than erythritol+sucrose to P. vindemiae, however, this effect was greatly reduced within a 21-d period when a floral source was present. Since yellow jackets are a nuisance pest and were attracted to the erythritol formulations in recent field trials, we tested adult V. pensylvanica survival with continuous consumption of these formulations in the laboratory. We found no detectable detriment from either formulation, compared to the sucrose control. Overall, both erythritol formulations caused minimal nontarget effects on honey bee larvae, P. vindemiae parasitoids, and western yellow jackets.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2022. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
Briana E. Price, Carolyn Breece, Gracie Galindo, Abigail Greenhalgh, Ramesh Sagili, Man-yeon Choi, and Jana C. Lee "Nonnutritive Sugars for Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Control Have Minimal Nontarget Effects on Honey Bee Larvae, a Pupal Parasitoid, and Yellow Jackets," Environmental Entomology 52(1), 47-55, (16 November 2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvac095
Received: 22 August 2022; Accepted: 19 October 2022; Published: 16 November 2022
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KEYWORDS
erythritol
nontarget effect
sucralose
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