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31 December 2022 Association of Two Bactericera Species (Hemiptera: Triozidae) With Native Lycium spp. (Solanales: Solanaceae) in the Potato Growing Regions of the Rio Grande Valley of Texas
W. Rodney Cooper, Gabriela Esparza-Diaz, Mark R. Wildung, David R. Horton, Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas, Susan E. Halbert
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Abstract

Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso), the pathogen that causes potato zebra chip. Zebra chip incidence varies regionally, perhaps because of geographic differences in species of noncrop hosts available to the vector and in susceptibility of those hosts to Lso. Native and introduced species of Lycium (Solanales: Solanaceae) are important noncrop hosts of B. cockerelli in some regions of North America. Susceptibility of native Lycium species to Lso is uncertain. We investigated the use of two native species of Lycium by B. cockerelli in South Texas and tested whether they are susceptible to Lso. Bactericera cockerelli adults and nymphs were collected frequently from L. berlandieri Dunal and L. carolinianum Walter. Greenhouse assays confirmed that B. cockerelli develops on both species and showed that Lso infects L. carolinianum. Molecular gut content analysis provided evidence that B. cockerelli adults disperse between potato and Lycium. These results demonstrate that L. berlandieri and L. carolinianum are likely noncrop sources of potato-colonizing B. cockerelli in South Texas and that L. carolinianum is a potential source of Lso-infected psyllids. We also routinely collected the congeneric psyllid, Bactericera dorsalis (Crawford), from both Lycium species. These records are the first for this psyllid in Texas. Bactericera dorsalis completed development on both native Lycium species, albeit with high rates of mortality on L. berlandieri. B. dorsalis acquired and transmitted Lso on L. carolinianum under greenhouse conditions but did not transmit Lso to potato. These results document a previously unknown vector of Lso.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2022. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
W. Rodney Cooper, Gabriela Esparza-Diaz, Mark R. Wildung, David R. Horton, Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas, and Susan E. Halbert "Association of Two Bactericera Species (Hemiptera: Triozidae) With Native Lycium spp. (Solanales: Solanaceae) in the Potato Growing Regions of the Rio Grande Valley of Texas," Environmental Entomology 52(1), 98-107, (31 December 2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvac109
Received: 27 September 2022; Published: 31 December 2022
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KEYWORDS
Convolvulaceae
gut content
Liberibacter psyllaurous
psyllid yellows
Solanaceae
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