Bilovitz P.O., Spribille T., Resl P. & Hafellner J. 2018: Helmut Mayrhofer - a tribute on occasion of his 65th birthday. - Herzogia 31: 341–358.

Helmut Mayrhofer has been contributing to understanding the systematics and diversity of lichenized fungi for over four decades. In this paper introducing a Festschrift on the occasion of his 65th birthday, we review the impact of Helmut Mayrhofer's scientific work on the systematics of lichenized fungi with special emphasis on the family Physciaceae and highlight his studies of the lichen flora of the Balkan Peninsula, the Alps and other regions. We also present a bibliography of his publications from 1973 to the present.

Aptroot A. & Cáceres M.E.S. 2018: New species and new records of lichens from inselbergs and surrounding Atlantic rain forest in the Chapada Diamantina (Bahia, Brazil). – Herzogia 31: 359–373.

Seven species of lichens from the state of Bahia (Brazil) are described as new: Dimelaena mayrhoferiana, Enterographa glaucotremoides, Gassicurtia rhizocarpoides, Hypotrachyna maculata, Lecanora hypofusca, Maronina saxicola, and Myriostigma xanthonicum. In addition, 194 species are reported for the first time from Bahia, 15 of which were not known from Brazil before. Placynthiella oligotropha, which was abundant on soil in a rather dry forest without any other accompanying lichens, is a new record for the southern hemisphere.

Nascimbene J., Nimis P.L., Mair P. & Spitale D. 2018: Climate warming effects on epiphytes in spruce forests of the Alps. – Herzogia 31: 374–384.

Climate warming in the Alps is setting major challenges to biodiversity conservation, potentially threatening epiphytic bryophytes and lichens, whose poikilohydric nature makes their eco-physiology strongly dependent on ambient temperature. In this work, we used species occurrence data along steep elevational-temperature gradients within the range of Alpine spruce-dominated forests for modelling the response of epiphytes to temperature shifts. Results provide evidence for species-specific and differently shaped species-temperature relationships, indicating that the sensitiveness of single species to climate warming is likely to influence community composition. Many epiphytes that currently occur in Alpine forests are vulnerable to warming, and may soon experience local extinction. The local assessment of the current altitudinal range of species may provide a tool to monitor the effects of warming by identifying the most critical species and the locations where their conservation is expected to be more effective.

van den Boom P.P.G., Brand A.M., Coppins B.J. & Sérusiaux E. 2018: A new Micarea species from western Europe, belonging in the Micarea denigrata group. – Herzogia 31: 385–389.

A new species of Micarea, M. sambuci is described from western Europe. Though it was common in the Netherlands and also present in Belgium, Luxemburg , Germany, and Scotland, it could now be extinct. It differs from M. nitschkeana by the production of mesoconidia (2.7–4.1 × 1.1–1.5µm) and complete absence of micro- and macroconidia.

Christensen S.N. 2018: New or rarely reported lichens for Thrace, Greece. – Herzogia 31: 390–394.

Forty five species are reported from Thrace. Tree taxa, Cladonia caespiticia, Dermatocarpon luridum, and Vahliella leucophaea, are new to the Greek mainland, and 34 taxa are new to Thrace. This is at the same time a first record of lichens on Quercus frainetto in Greece.

Sheard J.W. 2018: A synopsis and new key to the species of Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Physciaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes) presently recognized in North America. - Herzogia 31: 395–423.

One new species, Rinodina incurva, fifteen new North American species records for the genus Rinodina (including nine recently described taxa), and range extensions for 61 species are listed. One species, R. aurantiaca, is reduced to synonymy with R. capensis. A total of 111 species are now recognized for North America of which 36 (32 %) are endemic. Disjunctions of seven species with northeastern Asia are discussed. A new key to all species is provided.

Arup U. 2018: Brigantiaea crystallina (Ascomycota, Teloschistales), a new species from South Korea and Japan. – Herzogia 31: 424–429.

Brigantiaea crystallina Arup is described as new to science from South Korea and Japan. It is similar to B. purpurata but has a pale to pale brownish orange hypothecium, an excipulum penetrated by brownish orange anthraquinone crystals as well as colourless crystals that appear white in polarised light, the spores are smaller and the thallus lacks zeorine. The new species is illustrated and compared with similar species. A key to all Brigantiaea species of the world is also presented.

Breuss O. 2018: Neue und bemerkenswerte Flechtenfunde von den Azoren (Insel São Miguel). – Herzogia 31: 430–435.

Fünfzehn Flechtenarten werden von der Azoreninsel São Miguel gemeldet. Bacidia heterochroa, Graphis verminosa, Leptogidium contortum, Pyrenula chlorospila und Thelopsis inordinata sind neu für Makaronesien. Byssoloma maderense und Thelotrema lueckingii werden erstmals für die Inselgruppe der Azoren angegeben.

Anđić B., Berg C. & Stešević D. 2018: New and interesting bryophytes of Albania and Montenegro. – Herzogia 31: 436–443.

A variety of recordings of interesting species were obtained for Albania and Montenegro based on bryology surveys in the catchment area of the Cijevna river. Some of them have not yet been registered thus far, such as Leptobryum pyriforme in the bryoflora of Montenegro, or Anoectangium aestivum, Didymodon cordatus, Fissidens rufulus, Heterocladium heteropterum, Homalia trichomanoides, and Tortula caucasica, in the bryoflora of Albania. Other interesting records are Grimmia crinita (for Montenegro) and Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Nowellia curvifolia, Taxiphyllum wissgrillii, and Tetraphis pellucida (for Albania).

Elix J.A. & McCarthy P.M. 2018: Three new species and four new records of buellioid lichens (Caliciaceae, Ascomycota) from south-eastern Australia. – Herzogia 31: 444–452.

Three species, Amandinea nana Elix & P.M.McCarthy, Buellia ulliae Elix and Cratiria mayrhoferi Elix, are described as new to science. The new combination Amandinea hypostictica (Elix) Elix is proposed for Rinodinella halophila var. hypostictica Elix. Buellia abstracta (Nyl.) H.Olivier, B. ectolechioides (Vain.) Erichsen, B. ferax Müll.Arg. and B. suttonensis Elix & A.Knight are new records for Australia.

Malíček* J., Palice Z. & Vondrák J. 2018: Additions and corrections to the lichen biota of the Czech Republic. – Herzogia 31: 453–475.

This contribution presents new records of lichenized and “lichen-allied” fungi for the Czech Republic and a list of all recently published species missing in the last national checklist (Liška & Palice 2010). Lecanora tephraea is supposed to be synonymous with L. cenisia and the lectotype is designated here. Polyblastia brunnensis is synonymized with Thelidium zwackhii. Caloplaca fiumana, lectotypified here, was found to be an older name of the recently described taxon Caloplaca substerilis subsp. orbicularis. Candelariella subdeflexa is replaced by C. blastidiata in the national checklist; Lecanora reagens is excluded from the Czech lichen biota. Twenty nine species are published as new to the Czech Republic: Absconditella rubra, Alyxoria ochrocheila, Aspicilia verrucigera, Blastenia hungarica, Carbonicola anthracophila, Chaenothecopsis montana, C. savonica, Epigloea pleiospora, E. urosperma, Gyalecta ophiospora, Lecanora epibryon, L. flavoleprosa, L. silvae-nigrae, L. stenotropa, Leptorhaphis maggiana, Micarea tomentosa, Myriolecis perpruinosa, Ochrolechia mahluensis, Parmelia serrana, Peltigera ponojensis, Pertusaria borealis, Placynthium caesium, Protoblastenia lilacina, Ramalina europaea, Rinodina trevisanii, Strigula glabra, Verrucaria subcincta, Xanthomendoza huculica and Xylographa soralifera. Including the cited taxa, the lichen biota of the Czech Republic currently comprises 1691 taxa.

Hafellner J. 2018: Noteworthy records of lichenicolous fungi from various countries on the Balkan Peninsula. – Herzogia 31: 476 – 493.

Altogether 56 species of lichenicolous fungi – most of them non-lichenized, a few lichenized – are recorded from various countries in south-eastern Europe, of which 20 species are reported for the first time from the Balkan Peninsula. The new records for individual countries are: Arthonia molendoi and Lichenoconium pyxidatae for Albania; Arthonia varians, Biatoropsis usnearum, Lichenosticta alcicornaria, and Tremella hypogymniae for Bosnia and Herzegovina; Arthonia molendoi, Endococcus perpusillus, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, Miriquidica intrudens, Muellerella pygmaea, Plectocarpon encausticum, Polycoccum pulvinatum, and Stigmidium congestum for Bulgaria; Abrothallus bertianus, Abrothallus parmeliarum, Lichenoconium usneae, and Nesolechia oxyspora for Croatia; Arthonia phaeophysciae, Arthophacopsis parmeliarum, Cercidospora xanthoriae, Heterocephalacria physciacearum, Lichenochora obscuroides, Lichenostigma maureri, Lichenothelia rugosa, Nectriopsis lecanodes, Plectocarpon scrobiculatae, Polycoccum pulvinatum, Stigmidium squamariae, Stigmidium xanthoparmeliarum, Toninia plumbina, Tremella christiansenii, Unguiculariopsis lettaui, Tremella ramalinae, and Unguiculariopsis thallophila for Greece; Carbonea aggregantula, Carbonea supersparsa, Cercidospora epipolytropa, Echinothecium reticulatum, Endohyalina insularis, Lichenoconium pyxidatae, Lichenosticta alcicornaria, Miriquidica invadens, Opegrapha pulvinata, Sclerococcum montagnei, and Sphaerellothecium cladoniae for Kosovo; Arthonia apotheciorum, Arthonia caerulescens, Arthonia epiphyscia, Arthonia protoparmeliopseos, Lichenochora obscuroides, Lichenosticta alcicornaria, Lichenothelia rugosa, Miriquidica intrudens, Muellerella erratica, Polycoccum pulvinatum, Skyttea tephromelarum, Sphaerellothecium parmeliae, Sphinctrina turbinata, Tetramelas pulverulentus, and Unguiculariopsis thallophila for Macedonia; Arthonia apotheciorum, Cercidospora macrospora, Dactylospora lobariella, Plectocarpon scrobiculatae, Sclerococcum serusiauxii, Stigmidium gyrophorarum, Tremella phaeophysciae, and Tremella ramalinae for Montenegro; Arthonia varians and Muellerella pygmaea for Serbia. Additionally, Arthonia phaeophysciae is reported as new to Slovenia.

Zhurbenko M.P., Tadome K. & Ohmura Y. 2018: Pronectria japonica species nova and a key to the lichenicolous fungi and lichens growing on Ochrolechia. – Herzogia 31: 494–504.

Pronectria japonica growing on an unidentified Ochrolechia species is described as new to science. Dactylospora glaucomarioides, D. cf. pertusariicola, Lichenodiplis anomala, L. ochrolechiae, and Sagediopsis campsteriana are newly reported for Japan. Pyrenidium actinellum s. l. is for the first time documented on Ochrolechia. A key to the known species of lichenicolous fungi and lichens growing on Ochrolechia is presented.

Wirth V. & Sipman H.J.M. 2018: Xanthoparmelia krcmarii, a new species from South Africa with haemathamnolic acid. – Herzogia 31: 505–509.

The new species Xanthoparmelia krcmarii is described from Western Cape province in South Africa. It is characterized by the presence of haemathamnolic acid, black apothecial discs, coarsely pruinose lobe tips and subglobose ascospores.

Knudsen K. & Kocourková J. 2018: Acarospora mayrhoferi (Acarosporaceae), a new species from the European Alps (Italian part) and the French Massif Central. – Herzogia 31: 510–517.

Acarospora mayrhoferi is described from the Italian parts of the Alps and from the French Massif Central. It is a lichenicolous lichen, an obligate parasite on Dimeleana oreina, eventually forming its own independent brown thallus of flat black-edged areoles. The simple ascospores are sometimes globose 2 × 2 µm, often broadly ellipsoid 3 × 2µm or ellipsoid 4–5 × 2 µm. The hymenial gel is I+ blue. It belongs to the morphological Acarospora anatolica group. A key is supplied for six similar parasitic species of Acarospora.

Palice Z., Malíček J., Peksa O. & Vondrák J. 2018: New remarkable records and range extensions in the central European lichen biota. – Herzogia 31: 518–534.

Noteworthy findings of 24 lichen species are presented. Nine of them are reported as new to Central Europe (Chaenotheca hygrophila, Cladonia krogiana, C. imbricarica, Gyalideopsis muscicola, Lecidea altissima, L. consimilis, Placynthiella hyporhoda, Rinodina stictica, and Waynea giraltiae). Most of further species are largely unrecorded taxa, and new distributional data remarkably extend their known ranges, at the same time being often new country records for Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia or Switzerland. A wider ecological amplitude is pinpointed for three species of Ostropomycetidae (Gyalideopsis helvetica, G. muscicola, Ramonia luteola). The fumarprotocetraric acid strain of Cladonia acuminata is newly reported from Europe. The poorly known taxon Lecidea consimilis is described in detail and lectotypified herein.

Lücking R. & Kalb K. 2018: Formal instatement of Allographa (Graphidaceae): how to deal with a hyperdiverse genus complex with cryptic differentiation and paucity of molecular data. – Herzogia 31: 535–561.

Previous molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus Graphis sensu Staiger (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) represents two separate, only distantly related lineages. Graphis s.str. comprises the species of the G. scripta and G. subserpentina groups (‘Eugraphis’), as well as part of the G. striatula group. For the segregate genus, the name Allographa is available, and this genus includes the G. acharii, G. dussii, G. marginata, G. nuda, and G. symplecta groups, plus part of the G. striatula group. Allographa is closer to the core Graphidaceae (Diorygma, Glyphis, Pallidogramme, Phaeographis, Platygramme, Platythecium, Sarcographa, Thalloloma, Thecaria), whereas Graphis s.str. is sister to this entire clade and takes a more isolated position on a very long branch. A previously published study of 313 taxa, using morphology-based phylogenetic binning, supported the placement of 103 species of Graphis s.lat. in Allographa. This analysis is here emended to include 453 taxa currently placed in Graphis and Hemithecium, with the result that based on molecular and binning data, 182 species are to be placed in Allographa and 271 to be retained or placed in Graphis. Two species, namely Allographa lutea and A. hypostictica, had already been described in that genus, leaving 180 additional combinations, 28 of which are being proposed in a parallel paper; the remaining new combinations (plus one replacement name) in Allographa and Graphis are proposed here. Two names are validated, namely Allographa anguilliradians Lücking ex Lücking species nova and Allographa uruguayensis Lücking ex Lücking species nova. Two new synonyms are established: Graphis ferrugineodisca Seavey & J.Seavey [= Glyphis atrofusca (Müll.Arg.) Lücking, synonymum novum], and G. mikuraensis Y.Ohmura & M.Nakan. [= Graphis srilankensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lumbsch, synonymum novum].

Kantvilas G. 2018: A new species of Dibaeis from Australia (Tasmania), with notes on the family Icmadophilaceae. – Herzogia 31: 562–570.

The new species Dibaeis inundata is described from Tasmania and its relationships with other Australian species of the genus are discussed. A key to the four species in Australia is presented. The status of some other species of Icmadophilaceae is discussed briefly. It is recommended that the genus Knightiella be reinstated for the Australasian species, Icmadophila splachnirima. This genus is also suggested as a placeholder for two other species, and accordingly the new combination Knightiella eucalypti is proposed and the new species K. queenslandica is described, based on a collection from Queensland, Australia.

Bungartz F., Truong C., Herrera-Campos M. & Clerc P. 2018: The genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in the Galapagos Islands. – Herzogia 31: 571–629.

As part of an ongoing, comprehensive inventory of all Galapagos lichens, the genus Usnea is revised. In Galapagos this genus is represented by 27 species. Although 23 species had previously been reported, two are synonyms, and seven historic records must now be considered erroneous. Nine species are reported here for the first time and an additional four are described new to science: Usnea mayrhoferi, U. leana, U. patriciana, and U. subcomplecta. With two species previously described as new, U. clerciana and U. galapagona, six of the species now known are presumed to be endemic (22 %), a proportion of endemism similar to percentages reported for other, recently reviewed groups of Galapagos lichens. For two species, U. angulata and U. subflammea, only historic collections are currently known. Usnea angulata, with its trapezoid branch segments, is a very conspicuous, easily identified species. Despite thoroughly revisiting its historic collection sites, no material was found again and this species is therefore presumed to be locally extinct. Usnea subflammea, however, is less easily recognized and its original collection sites have not been intensively surveyed again. It is thus possible that this species is rare and overlooked, but not necessarily extinct. Characteristics of all species are illustrated and an identification key emphasizes their diagnostic characters. Detailed descriptions are provided for all newly described species and for those previously not well-documented.

Ahti T., Pino-Bodas R. & Mccarthy J.W. 2018: Cladonia ignatii, an overlooked new lichen in eastern North America. – Herzogia 31: 630 – 638.

Cladonia ignatii is described as a new species from eastern North America (type from SW Ontario, Canada). It is a segregate of C. ramulosa, but can be distinguished by soredioid-isidioid structures on ecorticate podetia and basal squamules. Its distinction is also supported by DNA sequences (ITS rDNA and rpb2). Records are known from Ontario, Maine, Maryland, Missouri, New York, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.

Pérez-Ortega S. & Kantvilas G. 2018: Lecanora helmutii, a new species from the Lecanora symmicta group from Tasmania. – Herzogia 31: 639–649.

Lecanora helmutii Pérez-Ortega & Kantvilas from Tasmania is described as new to science. It shows characters typical of the Lecanora symmicta group, such as biatorine apothecia, Lecanora-type asci, and simple, hyaline ascospores. It is further characterized by whitish, discrete soralia and the presence of usnic acid and zeorin as major compounds. Using the universal fungal barcode nrITS and Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference of the phylogenetic relationships, we confirm its placement in the Lecanora symmicta group. Lecanora strobilina and L. strobilinoides are sequenced for the first time and their affiliation to the Lecanora symmicta group is likewise confirmed.

Lerch M., Nadyeina O. & Scheidegger C. 2018: Genetic structure of Lobaria pulmonaria in the Alps as a result of post-glacial recolonization history. – Herzogia 31: 650 – 665.

The present-day genetic structure of a species is highly influenced by its history. Quaternary range expansions and contractions had a major impact on the genetic diversity and structure of species, which has implications for presentday conservation strategies of rare and threatened species. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic structure of Lobaria pulmonaria and its green-algal photobiont Symbiochloris reticulata from the Alps. Here we present the genetic structure of 75 Lobaria pulmonaria populations and we investigated which of three fungal and two algal genetic lineages that were recognized in a broader study on the European phylogeography of this species are present in the Alps and from where postglacial recolonization might have occurred. Our study showed that only the fungal genepool A and the algal genepool R contributed to the recolonization of the Alps. The fungal genepools B1 and B2 were restricted to the eastern and western borders of the Alps but play an important role in the current populations in the Jura Mountains, the Vosges and the Black Forest. The algal genepool S was only found at the southwestern borders of the Alps and we hypothesize that this genepool is adapted to Mediterranean climates. For both symbionts we found a significant positive correlation between longitude and allelic richness, indicating a recolonization of the Alps from a peripheral refugium for genepool A at the eastern border of the Alps or from the Carpathian Mountains.

Zamora J.C., Millanes A.M., Etayo J. & Wedin M. 2018: Tremella mayrhoferi, a new lichenicolous species on Lecanora allophana. – Herzogia 31: 666–676.

Tremella mayrhoferi, inducing galls on the hymenium of Lecanora allophana, is described. The description is based on molecular, morphological and ecological data of 27 specimens from Finland, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and USA. The new species is easily distinguished from other lichenicolous Tremella species by its characteristic basidia with cells that elongate before the formation of epibasidia, combined with the macromorphology and host selection. Molecular phylogeny suggests that it forms a group with other species growing on Lecanora s. lat. and Lecidea s. lat., which is related to the Tremella species growing on Parmeliaceae, but not to Tremella s. str.

Obermayer W., Witzmann M. & McCune B. 2018: Hypogymnia caperatica, a new species from the Hengduan Shan area (easternmost Tibetan region), with notes on some rare taxa from the greater Tibetan region and Bhutan. – Herzogia 31: 677–694.

Hypogymnia caperatica, which contains caperatic acid as a major lichen substance in the medulla, is described as new from the Hengduan Shan area (southeasternmost boundaries of the Tibetan plateau). The aliphatic acid caperatic acid is reported for the first time from the genus Hypogymnia. The occurrence of fatty acids in the genus Hypogymnia is generally discussed. The very rare lichen Hypogymnia sikkimensis, hitherto only known from two localities in Sikkim, as well as Hypogymnia diffractaica and H. hengduanensis are reported as new for the Kingdom of Bhutan. Hypogymnia capitata, known from the type and paratype specimens only, is reported from three further localities in the East Tibetan region.

Grube M. 2018: Staurospora, a new genus for a unique species with spherical ascospores in Arthoniaceae. – Herzogia 31: 695–699.

Staurospora, with S. purpurissata as the single species, is described as a new genus in the Arthoniaceae. The genus is distinct from all other members of the family by its peculiar ascospores.

Stordeur R., Beck A., Christl S., Czarnota P., Eckstein J., Kison H.-U., Otte V., Seelemann A., Sipman H.J.M., Schiefelbein U. & Ungethüm K. 2018: Beiträge zur Flechtenflora SachsenAnhalts und angrenzender Regionen (Teil 1). – Herzogia 31: 700 –715.

Es werden 31 Taxa aus Mitteldeutschland behandelt. Insgesamt 13 Taxa konnten neu für Sachsen-Anhalt nachgewiesen werden, darunter drei lichenicole Pilze. Es handelt sich um Bacidia fraxinea, Caloplaca atroflava, Candelaria pacifica, Cetrelia monachorum, Hypogymnia bitteri, Lecidella elaeochroma f. soralifera, Micarea deminuta, Stereocaulon vesuvianum var. symphycheileoides, Vezdaea retigera und Xanthoparmelia protomatrae sowie die lichenicolen Pilze Corticifraga fuckelii, Polycoccum peltigerae und Tremella cladoniae. Wiederfunde für Sachsen-Anhalt sind Protothelenella corrosa nach über 80 Jahren und Verruculopsis lecideoides nach über 100 Jahren. Für Opegrapha dolomiticola kann erstmals ein aktueller Fund in Sachsen-Anhalt (ab 2001) gemeldet werden. Weitere aktuelle Funde werden von der sehr seltenen Pertusaria pertusa var. rupestris und von dem lichenicolen Pilz Stigmidium fuscatae vorgelegt. Neu für die Flechtenliste von Sachsen-Anhalt sind außerdem die bisher nur in der mykologischen Fachliteratur von Sachsen-Anhalt erwähnten Arten Lichenomphalia velutina und Ramonia interjecta, für die auch neue Fundorte vorliegen. Ophioparma ventosa wurde erstmals außerhalb des Harzes an einem exponierten Kreidesandsteinblock im Hügelland nachgewiesen. Neu für Thüringen sind Vezdaea rheocarpa und der lichenicole Pilz Phoma cladoniicola. Von Micarea deminuta werden neue Fundorte für Niedersachsen vorgelegt.

Außerdem werden auf der Grundlage traditioneller und molekularer Merkmale Probleme der Bestimmung und Abgrenzung von Lecanora carpinea versus L. subcarpinea, Pseudephebe minuscula versus P. pubescens sowie von Xanthoparmelia angustiphylla versus X. conspersa ausführlich diskutiert. Für mehrere Arten werden Nachweise von Flechtenstoffen und neue ITS-Sequenzen präsentiert. Von Pseudephebe minuscula/P. pubescens-Belegen wird der Stammbaum einer ITS-Phylogenie vorgelegt.

Berger F., Breuss O., Maliček J. & Türk R. 2018: Lichens in the primeval forest areas ‘Großer Urwald’ and ‘Kleiner Urwald’ (Rothwald, ‘Dürrenstein Wilderness Area’, Lower Austria, Austria). – Herzogia 31: 716–731.

The lichen flora of ‘Großer Urwald’ and ‘Kleiner Urwald’, parts of the primeval forest ‘Rothwald’ in the ‘Dürrenstein Wilderness Area’, Lower Austria was investigated by us in 2015. We recorded 195 taxa, with 180 colonizing bark or wood (including five not lichenized taxa, traditionally collected by lichenologists), 15 growing on limestone and additional three lichenicolous fungi. Including earlier investigations dating back to 1964, the list compilates 324 taxa. The number of epiphytic and epixylic taxa ever recorded in the study area has grown to 274, however during our survey we were unable to find many previously recorded species. Most of the missing taxa are old-growth forest indicators. A table of all lichens recorded so far from Rothwald is given, sorted in columns by authors. – Loxospora cristinae, Micarea soralifera, Porina pseudohibernica, and Sclerophora coniophaea are recorded the first time in Austria. Biatora fallax, B. pontica, Dictyocatenulata alba, Lecidella subviridis, Mycoporum antecellens, Parmelia ernstiae, Peltigera hymenina, Thelidium auruntii, and Thelopsis flaveola are new for the province of Lower Austria. Both our 51 new records of epiphytic or epixylic taxa and the low amount of lichenicolous species indicate, that the whole diversity spectrum is still incomplete.

Zimmermann E. & Berger F. 2018: Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der lichenicolen Mycobiota Österreichs. Funde aus Tirol I. – Herzogia 31: 732–762.

Die Autoren haben während der letzten Jahre mehrfach lichenicole Pilze im Bundesland Tirol (einschließlich Osttirol, Österreich) gesammelt. Die Artenliste umfasst 133 Arten, von denen 64 erstmals für Tirol angegeben werden. Ein Schwerpunkt bei den Neufunden liegt bei Arten mit arktisch-alpiner Verbreitung. Darunter sind Abrothallus ramalinae, Pronectria fragmospora, P. tibellii und Stigmidium buelliae Erstnachweise in Europa. Zehn Taxa sind neu für die Alpen und gleichzeitig auch neu für Österreich: Dactylospora ahtii, D. borealis, Endococcus cf. nanellus, Lichenodiplis rinodinicola, Lichenopeltella stereocaulorum, Sphaerellothecium thamnoliae, Stigmidium stereocaulorum, Taeniolella christiansenii, T. rolfii und Trichonectria pertusariae. Zusätzliche Erstnachweise für Österreich (19 Taxa): Arthonia neglectula, Echinodiscus kozhevnikovii, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Hawksworthiana peltigericola, Laetisaria lichenicola, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Lichenopeltella uncialicola, Nectriopsis hirta, Neobarya peltigerae, Niesslia cladoniicola, Polycoccum microcarpum, Pronectria tincta, Pseudoseptoria usneae, Sphaerellothecium leratianum, Stagonospora exasperatulae, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. collematis, S. microcarpum und Tremella coppinsii. Cornutispora tricupulata und Stigmidium mayrhoferi werden neu beschrieben. Ergänzend wird Bildmaterial von einigen seltenen Arten beigefügt.