Glaridoglanis ramosa, new species, is described from a cryptorheic basin in northern Shan State, Myanmar. The new species can be distinguished from G. andersonii, the sole congener, in having fewer vertebrae (39–40 vs. 42–44), more branched pectoral-fin rays (13–14 vs. 8–10), a longer maxillary barbel (reaching beyond proximal half vs. not more than proximal third of first pectoral-fin element; 87–101% head length vs. 75–79), a shorter pelvic fin (10.8–16.3% standard length vs. 18.0–22.4) and dorsal-to-adipose distance (7.1–11.7% standard length vs. 17.5–20.0), absence (vs. presence) of a thin, pale midlateral stripe, and an adipose fin that is strongly incised (vs. without incision or with a weak incision) at the posterior extremity of its base. We also investigated the taxonomic status of Glyptosternon malaisei, and conclude that it is a junior subjective synonym of Glaridoglanis andersonii.