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1 December 2013 Potential of Contact Insecticides to Control Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), A Vector of Laurel Wilt Disease in Avocados
Daniel Carrillo, Jonathan H. Crane, Jorge E. Peña
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Abstract

Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is an invasive ambrosia beetle that vectors laurel wilt, a new disease that threatens avocado and other species in the Lauraceae Family. The lethal concentrations (LC50 & 90) of nine commercial insecticides to X. glabratus were determined by using a bolt-dip bioassay. Different formulations of bifenthrin, permethrin, fenpropathrin, z-cypermethrin bifenthrin, l-cyhalothrin thiamethoxam, malathion, chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and methomyl were tested. Four concentrations of each insecticide were tested (0.5, 0.1, 0.03, and 0.01 of the label rate) and with water as a control. Beetles were exposed to treated bolts and mortality registered 48 h later. After 2 wk, bolts were destructively sampled to determine the number of beetles that constructed galleries and were alive inside the wood. Probit analysis was used to determine the LC50 & 90. Six pesticides were applied directly to the trunk and limbs of avocado trees in a commercial grove. Limbs of treated trees were cut weekly after the application and exposed to X. glabratus to determine the number of beetles boring into the logs. The toxicity of pesticides to X. glabratus was greatly reduced 2 wk after application. Among the tested pesticides, malathion and z-cypermethrin bifenthrin provided the best suppression of X. glabratus. Among the insecticides registered for use in avocado, fenpropathrin and malathion were the most effective in protecting trees from attack by X. glabratus. Other pesticides that are currently not registered for use in avocados could be useful for managing this ambrosia beetle.

© 2013 Entomological Society of America
Daniel Carrillo, Jonathan H. Crane, and Jorge E. Peña "Potential of Contact Insecticides to Control Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), A Vector of Laurel Wilt Disease in Avocados," Journal of Economic Entomology 106(6), 2286-2295, (1 December 2013). https://doi.org/10.1603/EC13205
Received: 30 April 2013; Accepted: 1 August 2013; Published: 1 December 2013
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KEYWORDS
chemical control
exotic insect
insect—disease complex
Lauraceae
Redbay ambrosia beetle
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