The aim of this study was to explore a cost-effective method for the mass production of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) by solid-state fermentation. As a locally available agroindustrial byproduct, spent mushroom substrate (SMS) was used as raw material for Bt cultivation, and four combinations of SMS-based media were designed. Fermentation conditions were optimized on the best medium and the optimal conditions were determined as follows: temperature 32°C, initial pH value 6, moisture content 50%, the ratio of sieved material to initial material 1:3, and inoculum volume 0.5 ml. Large scale production of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) LLP29 was conducted on the optimal medium at optimal conditions. High toxicity (1,487 international toxic units/milligram) and long larvicidal persistence of the product were observed in the study, which illustrated that SMS-based solid-state fermentation medium was efficient and economical for large scale industrial production of Bt-based biopesticides. The cost of production of 1 kg of Bt was approximately US$0.075.
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1 February 2014
Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate for Production of Bacillus thuringiensis by Solid-State Fermentation
Songqing Wu,
Yanjiao Lan,
Dongmei Huang,
Yan Peng,
Zhipeng Huang,
Lei Xu,
Ivan Gelbič,
Rebeca Carballar-Lejarazu,
Xiong Guan,
Lingling Zhang,
Shuangquan Zou
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Bacillus thuringiensis
entomotoxicity potency
solid-state fermentation
spent mushroom substrate