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1 April 2015 Differential Probing Behavior of Blissus insularis (Hemiptera: Blissidae) on Resistant and Susceptible St. Augustinegrasses
Murugesan Rangasamy, Heather J. McAuslane, Elaine A. Backus, Ronald H. Cherry
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Abstract

Southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber, is a severe pest of St. Augustinegrass throughout the southern United States. Host plant resistance is an environmentally friendly method to manage chinch bug infestations and is increasingly important, as the southern chinch bug develops resistance to insecticides. In this study, in an effort to understand resistance mechanisms in two varieties of St. Augustinegrass (‘FX-10’ and ‘NUF-76’), we used the electrical penetration graph method to quantify stylet probing behaviors in two resistant and two susceptible St. Augustinegrass varieties. Overall, chinch bugs spent less time probing on resistant FX-10 and NUF-76 than on susceptible ‘Floratam’ and ‘Palmetto’, and individual probes were shorter in average duration but more numerous in resistant varieties than in susceptible varieties. During probing, chinch bugs spent more time in pathway-associated stylet activities (i.e., penetration through epidermal and mesophyll tissue) in the resistant varieties than in the susceptible varieties, likely indicating difficulty in finding and accessing an ingestion site. As a consequence, chinch bugs spent proportionately much less time engaged in xylem ingestion in both resistant varieties than in susceptible varieties but only in FX-10 were phloem-associated activities significantly reduced compared with those in susceptible varieties. We conclude that there is evidence for non—phloem-associated chinch-bug resistance factors in both NUF-76 and FX-10, and phloem-associated factors in FX-10.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2015. This work is witten by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US.
Murugesan Rangasamy, Heather J. McAuslane, Elaine A. Backus, and Ronald H. Cherry "Differential Probing Behavior of Blissus insularis (Hemiptera: Blissidae) on Resistant and Susceptible St. Augustinegrasses," Journal of Economic Entomology 108(2), 780-788, (1 April 2015). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tou061
Received: 15 July 2014; Accepted: 1 December 2014; Published: 1 April 2015
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KEYWORDS
electrical penetration graph
feeding monitor
host plant resistance
southern chinch bug
turfgrass
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