Tea green leafhoppers (Empoasca spp.) are considered one of the major pests in teaplantations in Asia. They are, however, difficult to monitor due to their size and flying and jumpingabilities. In this study, we clarified the identification of the leafhopper species encountered in our studyplantations and examined the impacts of sampling methods in estimating population abundance and sexratio. The natural sex ratio of eggs, nymphs, and adults of tea green leafhopper and the differencesbetween male and female were tested. Despite previous reports that Empoasca vitis (Goethe) was themajor leafhopper present in our study area, our results showed that only Empoasca onukii Matsuda wasfound. Variation in population size over time and bias in sex ratio depending on the sampling methodswere found in our monitoring experiments. In general, adult males were more attracted to yellowsticky cards than females. We believe that because female leafhoppers should be the target in pestcontrol, yellow sticky cards may not be the most suitable monitoring or effective control of tea greenleafhopper. We demonstrate the importance of understanding the implications of sampling techniquesfor population estimation and sex ratio bias as well as how temporal variation may affect monitoringresults. Precise monitoring should take into consideration the different life histories of male and female.