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20 August 2019 Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Host-Related Foraging Odor-Cue Combinations to Attract Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Kevin R. Cloonan, Johnattan Hernández-Cumplido, Ana Luiza Viana de Sousa, Dagmara Gomes Ramalho, Hannah J. Burrack, Linda Della Rosa, Lauren M. Diepenbrock, Elissa Ballman, Francis A. Drummond, Larry J. Gut, Stephen Hesler, Rufus Isaacs, Heather Leach, Gregory M. Loeb, Anne L. Nielsen, Peter Nitzsche, Kyoo R. Park, Zainulabeuddin Syed, Steven Van Timmeren, Anna K. Wallingford, Vaughn M. Walton, Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
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Abstract

The invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a major pest of soft-skinned fruits. Since its introduction into North America and Europe, significant progress has been made in understanding the volatile cues used by this fly during food, oviposition site, and mate finding. Despite this progress, commercially available lures are non-selective. Here, we tested two Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus) yeast compounds (isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate) and a leaf compound β-cyclocitral alone and in combination with a blend of four fermentation compounds (‘Fermentation lure’: acetic acid, ethanol, methionol, and acetoin) to improve D. suzukii attraction and selectivity. In laboratory assays, males and females were attracted to all seven individual compounds, although in electrophysiological assays, their antennae exhibited a dose-dependent response to only four of these compounds. In two-choice cage studies, the Fermentation lure was more attractive to D. suzukii than water controls, whereas β-cyclocitral and the mixture of isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate were not attractive in this larger-cage study. Moreover, adding the two-component H. uvarum compound blend to the Fermentation lure reduced D. suzukii attraction to the Fermentation blend. When these experiments were repeated in blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, and cherry orchards across several states in the United States over 2 yr, similar outcomes were observed: β-cyclocitral or the mixture of the H. uvarum blend did not improve the attractiveness of the Fermentation lure or its selectivity. This study demonstrates that cues from different sources may interfere with each other and reduce D. suzukii attraction to otherwise attractive odor combinations.

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Kevin R. Cloonan, Johnattan Hernández-Cumplido, Ana Luiza Viana de Sousa, Dagmara Gomes Ramalho, Hannah J. Burrack, Linda Della Rosa, Lauren M. Diepenbrock, Elissa Ballman, Francis A. Drummond, Larry J. Gut, Stephen Hesler, Rufus Isaacs, Heather Leach, Gregory M. Loeb, Anne L. Nielsen, Peter Nitzsche, Kyoo R. Park, Zainulabeuddin Syed, Steven Van Timmeren, Anna K. Wallingford, Vaughn M. Walton, and Cesar Rodriguez-Saona "Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Host-Related Foraging Odor-Cue Combinations to Attract Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)," Journal of Economic Entomology 112(6), 2850-2860, (20 August 2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz224
Received: 29 April 2019; Accepted: 13 July 2019; Published: 20 August 2019
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KEYWORDS
attractant
behavior-based strategy
invasive pest
Spotted-wing Drosophila
yeast
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