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29 June 2021 A Combination Sulfuryl Fluoride and Propylene Oxide Treatment for Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)
Scott W. Myers, Mukti N. Ghimire, Frank H. Arthur, Thomas W. Phillips
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Abstract

The khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium, is an important quarantine pest of stored-products. While it is not established in the North America, frequent interceptions highlight the need for treatments to eradicate isolated populations if they occur. Methyl bromide has long been the standard fumigant used for this purpose; however, increasing restrictions on its use necessitate the development of new treatment options. Here we evaluate a treatment for khapra beetle using a combination of sulfuryl fluoride (SF) and propylene oxide (PPO). Experiments were conducted to determine the most tolerant stages and the effective rates for each compound. Combination treatments using both products were then evaluated at several temperatures to determine effective doses for quarantine level control. The egg stage was by far the most tolerant to SF, requiring concentration × time (CT) products roughly 10-fold greater than the next most tolerant stage, diapausing larvae. Diapausing larvae were significantly more tolerant to SF than non-diapausing larvae in a recently collected ‘field' strain, but not in a more than 30-yr-old ‘laboratory’ culture. PPO treatments were shown to completely control the egg stage at CTs greater than 155 hr-mgL-1 at both 10 and 20°C. Resulting combination treatments with initial dose rates of 96 and 40 mgL-1 at 10°C and 80 and 40 mgL-1 at 20°C are proposed for SF and PPO, respectively.These combination treatments utilize SF's efficacy against the larval stage along with PPO's superior ovicidal properties to provide enhanced treatment efficacy over each product alone against all life stages of khapra beetle.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2021. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
Scott W. Myers, Mukti N. Ghimire, Frank H. Arthur, and Thomas W. Phillips "A Combination Sulfuryl Fluoride and Propylene Oxide Treatment for Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)," Journal of Economic Entomology 114(4), 1489-1495, (29 June 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab124
Received: 1 February 2021; Accepted: 26 May 2021; Published: 29 June 2021
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KEYWORDS
methyl bromide alternative
quarantine
stored-product
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