Eucalyptus spp. plantations represent >60% of thereforested area in Brazil. Although ambrosia beetle attacks on livetrees were at first nonexistent, they have begun to appear with greaterfrequency. Monitoring for pest insects is a key factor in integratedpest management, and baited traps are one of the most widely usedmethods for insect population detection and survey. We compared theefficiency of the most widely used trap in Brazil to survey forambrosia beetles and other Scolytidae, the ESALQ-84 type, with othertraditionally employed traps: the multiple funnel (Lindgren trap);drainpipe; and slot (Theyson) traps, in a Eucalyptus grandisHill ex Maiden stand in Brazil. The ESALQ-84 trap was the mostefficient in trapping Hypothenemus eruditus Westwood andHypothenemus obscurus (F.); the multiple funnel trap caughtsignificantly more Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers; whereasthe slot trap caught more Premnobius cavipennis Eichhoff andXyleborus affinis Eichhoff than the other traps. Thedrainpipe trap was the least effective trap overall. When corrected fornumber of beetles caught per trap surface area, catches weresignificantly higher on the ESALQ-84 trap for the majority of thespecies analyzed, probably because of a smaller trap surface area. Theslot trap was recommended for it caught overall more beetles of thethree most economically important scolytid species in eucalyptplantations in Brazil, P. cavipennis, X. affinis,and X. ferrugineus.