Chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase, Mg-dechelatase, and chlorophyll oxidase) activities of aphid-infested and uninfested ‘Tugela’ and Tugela near-isogenic wheat lines (i.e., Tugela-Dn1, Tugela-Dn2, and Tugela-Dn5) were assayed. Chlorophyllase activity was higher in bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae),-infested wheat lines compared with Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Homoptera: Aphididae)]-infested and uninfested plants. Mg-dechelatase activity was higher in D. noxia-infested wheat lines than in R. padi-infested and uninfested plants. Also, Mg-dechelatase activity was lower in Tugela wheat infested with D. noxia than in Tugela near-isogenic lines with Dn genes. Based on the in vitro assays of chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase and Mg-dechelatase) activities, we proposed that the chlorotic symptoms observed on D. noxia-infested Tugela wheat were most likely to be elicited by unbalanced chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation.