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1 June 2005 Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for Red Flour Beetle When Applied with Plant Essential Oils or in Mineral Oil and Organosilicone Carriers
Waseem Akbar, Jeffrey C. Lord, James R. Nechols, Thomas M. Loughin
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Abstract

The carriers mineral oil and Silwet L-77 and the botanical insecticides Neemix 4.5 and Hexacide were evaluated for their impacts on the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin conidia against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), larvae. The dosages of liquid treatments were quantified by both conidia concentration in the spray volume and conidia deposition on the target surface. The latter approach allowed comparison with dry, unformulated conidia. The median lethal concentrations of B. bassiana in 0.05% Silwet L-77 solution or without a carrier were approximately double that for conidia in mineral oil. Carriers had highly significant effects on the efficacy of B. bassiana. The lower efficacy of conidia in aqueous Silwet L-77 may have been the result of conidia loss from the larval surface because of the siloxane’s spreading properties. Neemix 4.5 (4.5% azadirachtin) delayed pupation and did not reduce the germination rate of B. bassiana conidia, but it significantly reduced T. castaneum mortality at two of four tested fungus doses. Hexacide (5% rosemary oil) caused significant mortality when applied without B. bassiana, but it did not affect pupation, the germination rate of conidia, or T. castaneum mortality when used in combination with the fungus.

Waseem Akbar, Jeffrey C. Lord, James R. Nechols, and Thomas M. Loughin "Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for Red Flour Beetle When Applied with Plant Essential Oils or in Mineral Oil and Organosilicone Carriers," Journal of Economic Entomology 98(3), 683-688, (1 June 2005). https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-98.3.683
Received: 11 June 2004; Accepted: 1 January 2005; Published: 1 June 2005
JOURNAL ARTICLE
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KEYWORDS
Beauveria bassiana
botanical insecticides
mineral oil
Silwet L-77
Tribolium castaneum
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