Malaise traps were operated for 3 yrs (2004 - 2007) at 2 locations in Spain. Agromyzid adults were collected from plant material that was periodically removed from one of those locations. From these sampling efforts, Pseudonapomyza atratula Zlobin, 2002 (Diptera: Agromyzidae), a species previously reported only from Tunisia, is reported for the first time in Europe (Spain). Specimens were collected from the host plants, Avena barbata Pott ex Link and A. fatua L., which are first records as hosts of this leaf-miner. Males were captured from late-September or the beginning of October continuously through the end of May with 8 to 10 generations annually. Population peaks appeared when average temperatures were in a range of approx. 10 - 20°C. Pseudonapomyza atratula is closely related to P. atra (Meigen); morphological criteria (male genitalia) are provided for taxonomic separation of the two species.