The toxicity of several compounds isolated from Asarum heterotropoides root steam distillate to third-instar larvae of Culex pipiens pollens Coquillett, Aedes aegypti (L.), and Ochlerotatus togoi Theobald was examined using a direct contact mortality bioassay. Safrole was the most toxic constituent to Cx. p. pallens and Ae. aegypti larvae, whereas terpinolene was most toxic to Oc. togoi. However, LC50 values of these three mosquito larvae to both essential oils as well as the remainder of the 26 compounds identified in A. heterotropoides were considerably greater than for fenthion or temephos. However, we suggest that constituents of A. heterotropoides root steam distillate merit further study as potential mosquito larvicides due to global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic pesticides in the aquatic environment.
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Journal of Medical Entomology
Vol. 46 • No. 6
November 2009
Vol. 46 • No. 6
November 2009
Asarum heterotropoides
botanical insecticide
essential oil
mosquito
natural larvicide