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20 March 2023 Trophic preferences of Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae): what implications for malaria vector control in Benin?
Germain Gil Padonou, David Mahouton Zoungbédji, Arthur Sovi, Albert Sourou Salako, Alphonse Keller Konkon, Boulais Yovogan, Constantin Jesukèdè Adoha, Esdras Mahoutin Odjo, Razaki Osse, Haziz Sina, Renaud Govoétchan, Casimir Dossou Kpanou, Hermann W. Sagbohan, Lamine Baba-Moussa, Martin Akogbéto
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Abstract

The main objective of the present study is to assess the preferences in terms of vertebrate hosts of Anopheles coluzzii, the main malaria vector in the pastoral area of Malanville, Benin, where rice cultivation and livestock are the main source of income for the populations. Adult mosquitoes were collected through pyrethrum spray catch, and human landing catch in two communes in Benin: Malanville, a pastoral area, and Porto-Novo, a nonpastoral area. Molecular species identification was performed through PCR within the Anopheles gambiae complex. Blood meal origin and P. falciparum sporozoite infection were determined using ELISA blood meal and circumsporozoite protein tests, respectively. Overall, 97% of females of An. gambiae s.l. were An. coluzzii, with biting behavior more pronounced outdoors in the pastoral area. In Malanville, the main vertebrate hosts on which females An. coluzzii blood fed were goats (44%), humans (24.29%), bovines (22%), and pigs (1.4%). Our results also showed that single-host blood meals (human: 24.29% or animal: 68%) were mostly observed compared to mixed blood meals (8.58%). The human biting rate (HBR) and P. falciparum sporozoite rate (SR) of An. coluzzii were 66.25 bites/man/night and 0.77%, respectively. However, in the nonpastoral zone (Porto-novo), 93.98% of samples were An. coluzzii. The latter blood-fed mostly (86.84%) on humans, with an estimated HBR of 21.53 b/m/n and SR of 5.81%. The present study revealed an opportunistic and zoophagic behavior of An. coluzzii in the Malanville area with an overall low mean SR.

Germain Gil Padonou, David Mahouton Zoungbédji, Arthur Sovi, Albert Sourou Salako, Alphonse Keller Konkon, Boulais Yovogan, Constantin Jesukèdè Adoha, Esdras Mahoutin Odjo, Razaki Osse, Haziz Sina, Renaud Govoétchan, Casimir Dossou Kpanou, Hermann W. Sagbohan, Lamine Baba-Moussa, and Martin Akogbéto "Trophic preferences of Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae): what implications for malaria vector control in Benin?," Journal of Medical Entomology 60(3), 554-563, (20 March 2023). https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad017
Received: 27 September 2022; Accepted: 3 February 2023; Published: 20 March 2023
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KEYWORDS
Anopheles coluzzii
implication
malaria
trophic preference
vector control
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