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26 June 2023 Accurate age-grading of field-aged mosquitoes reared under ambient conditions using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks
Zili Gao, Laura C. Harrington, Wei Zhu, Luisa M. Barrientos, Catalina Alfonso-Parra, Frank W. Avila, John M. Clark, Lili He
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Abstract

Age-grading mosquitoes are significant because only older mosquitoes are competent to transmit pathogens to humans. However, we lack effective tools to do so, especially at the critical point where mosquitoes become a risk to humans. In this study, we demonstrated the capability of using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks to accurately age-grade field-aged low-generation (F2) female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes held under ambient conditions (error was 1.9 chronological days, in the range 0–22 days). When degree days were used for model calibration, the accuracy was further improved to 20.8 degree days (approximately equal to 1.4 chronological days), which indicates the impact of temperature fluctuation on prediction accuracy. This performance is a significant advancement over binary classification. The great accuracy of this method outperforms traditional age-grading methods and will facilitate effective epidemiological studies, risk assessment, vector intervention monitoring, and evaluation.

Graphical Abstract

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Zili Gao, Laura C. Harrington, Wei Zhu, Luisa M. Barrientos, Catalina Alfonso-Parra, Frank W. Avila, John M. Clark, and Lili He "Accurate age-grading of field-aged mosquitoes reared under ambient conditions using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks," Journal of Medical Entomology 60(5), 917-923, (26 June 2023). https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad067
Received: 15 March 2023; Accepted: 8 June 2023; Published: 26 June 2023
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KEYWORDS
age grading
artificial neural networks,
mosquitoes
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