Two red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), found near Deltaville, Virginia (USA), were evaluated because of inability to use a wing. Results of needle electromyographic studies of the affected wing muscles in both hawks were compatible with denervation. On euthanasia, one hawk had extensive axon and myelin loss with multifocal perivascular lymphocytic inflammation of its brachial plexus and radial nerve. Demyelination and axon loss in the dorsal white matter of the spinal cord on the affected side also were found at the origin of the brachial plexus. The other hawk's wing had not returned to functional status >2 yr after injury.
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1 January 1993
Brachial Plexus Injury in Two Red-Tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis)
Linda Shell,
Michael Richards,
Geoff Saunders
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Vol. 29 • No. 1
January 1993
Vol. 29 • No. 1
January 1993
brachial plexus injury
Buteo jamaicensis
demyelination
denervation
electromyography
nerve injury
red-tailed hawk