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25 March 2021 Fipronil Pellets Reduce Flea Abundance on Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs: Potential Tool for Plague Management and Black-Footed Ferret Conservation
David A. Eads, Travis M. Livieri, Phillip Dobesh, Eddie Childers, Lauren E. Noble, Michele C. Vasquez, Dean E. Biggins
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Abstract

In western North America, sylvatic plague (a flea-borne disease) poses a significant risk to endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and their primary prey, prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.). Pulicides (flea-killing agents) can be used to suppress fleas and thereby manage plague. In South Dakota, US, we tested edible “FipBit” pellets, each containing 0.84 mg fipronil, on free-living black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludivicianus). FipBits were applied along transects at 125 per ha and nearly eliminated fleas for 2 mo. From 9–14 mo post-treatment, we found only 10 fleas on FipBit sites versus 1,266 fleas on nontreated sites. This degree and duration of flea control should suppress plague transmission. FipBits are effective, inexpensive, and easily distributed but require federal approval for operational use.

© Wildlife Disease Association 2021
David A. Eads, Travis M. Livieri, Phillip Dobesh, Eddie Childers, Lauren E. Noble, Michele C. Vasquez, and Dean E. Biggins "Fipronil Pellets Reduce Flea Abundance on Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs: Potential Tool for Plague Management and Black-Footed Ferret Conservation," Journal of Wildlife Diseases 57(2), 434-438, (25 March 2021). https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-20-00161
Received: 1 September 2020; Accepted: 25 November 2020; Published: 25 March 2021
KEYWORDS
Cynomys
Mustela nigripes
pulicide
Siphonaptera
Yersinia pestis
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