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1 December 2013 STATE-LEVEL APPROACHES TO MANAGING THE USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES IN WILDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES
John D. Eisemann, Jeanette R. O'Hare, Kathleen A. Fagerstone
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Abstract

Several fertility control agents have recently been registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for management of wildlife or other free-ranging animals. The registration of GonaCon™ Immunocontraceptive Vaccine for use in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and OvoControl for use in Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and pigeons (Columba livia) has caused state wildlife and land management agencies to review their regulatory authority over the use of contraceptives in wildlife. As a result, many states are taking steps to ensure legislation or policies are current with emerging technologies. This article examines the various approaches states are taking to regulate the use of contraceptives. Regardless of the final regulatory approach, biological, social, economic, and political implications must all be discussed as this new tool is introduced into the field of wildlife management. Thoughtful consideration of all aspects of wildlife contraceptive use will lead to the development of sound, best management practices for current and future products.

Copyright 2013 by American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
John D. Eisemann, Jeanette R. O'Hare, and Kathleen A. Fagerstone "STATE-LEVEL APPROACHES TO MANAGING THE USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES IN WILDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES," Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 44(4s), (1 December 2013). https://doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260-44.4S.S47
Received: 24 August 2012; Published: 1 December 2013
KEYWORDS
Birth control
contraceptives
fertility control
regulation
wildlife
wildlife management
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