Land and water management is one of the main thematic research areas at the Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Ecoregion (CONDESAN). Several efforts have focused on improving understanding of hydrological dynamics in the Andean highlands, which are the source of water for most of the population in the region. Based on an adaptive management approach, we are developing and assessing the implementation of sustainable land and water management practices to conserve and restore the environmental services of water regulation and provision. The assessment generates evidence on the outcomes of these practices and can help to inform decision-making processes towards achieving water security.