Taxonomic review is provided for Callitriche taxa occurring in central and eastern Asia east of the Urals and in southeastern Asia north of Irian Jaya Barat. Three new species: Callitriche fuscicarpa, C. glareosa, and C. raveniana are described from Nepal, Bhutan, and Taiwan, China, respectively. Two new varieties are also described: Callitriche palustris L. var. megalata from Siberia in Russia and Callitriche palustris L. var. strumosa from western Sumatra in Indonesia. Callitriche nana is newly referred as a synonym of C. japonica Engelmann ex Hegelmaier. Callitriche oryzetorum Petrov is transferred and reduced in rank to a variety of C. palustris L. Callitriche wightiana Wallich in Wight is lectotypified.