The new variety Tripterospermum chinense var. linearifolium X. F. Jin (Gentianaceae) is described from Zhejiang, eastern China, and distinguished from T. chinense (Migo) Harry Smith. Leaf characteristics of both varieties were statistically analyzed, and pollen grain and seed morphology was observed under SEM. SEM results showed that pollen and seed morphology did not differ between the new variety and the autonymic variety. According to the results of statistical analysis, T. chinense var. linearifolium differs mainly from the autonymic variety in having narrower leaves (3–9 mm vs. 11–43 mm) and solitary flowers (vs. two to five flowers).