Seven new species of Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) (D. antongilensis G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. decaryoides G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. kely G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. maculata G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. rubripetiolata G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. subbullata G. E. Schatz &Lowry, and D. ultima G. E. Schatz & Lowry), which are present on the island of Nosy Mangabe in the Bay of Antongil, are described from Madagascar, along with notes on their conservation status according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, distribution, uses, and vernacular names. Four species are assessed as threatened (Endangered: D. decaryoides, D. subbullata, and D. ultima; Vulnerable: D. kely), while two species (D. antongilensis and D. maculata) are assessed as Near Threatened. Widespread D. rubripetiolata is considered to be Least Concern.