The species of Cryptophlebia occurring in Hawai‘i are reviewed, resulting in the discovery of a previously unrecognized native species, described here as C. alaula, sp. nov. The discovery of C. alaulaand its status as the putative sister species of C. illepida (Butler) supports the endemicity of C. illepida, a species whose status in Hawai‘i has historically been contested, and is often treated as an invasive pest of unknown origin. Cryptophlebia alaula is hypothesized to be a specialist on fruits and seeds of ‘a‘ali‘i (Dodonaea viscosa). This raises interesting questions regarding the evolution of monophagy and polyphagy in Cryptophlebia and patterns of speciation in Hawaiian Tortricidae more broadly. The conservation status of C. alaula is briefly discussed. All species occurring in Hawai‘i are described or redescribed, figured, with a key to species of both sexes provided.